Social Ills of a Society

Societal values of every society is sustained by the organs of the society. interestinly,the most significant organ is the goverment. so goverment is the most important organ reponsible in maintaining societal values. We ar all living in a democratic world today and like democracy is clearly define as the goverment of the people by the people and for the people,this convey the goverment is the peolple that make up the society. Now,a society that has failed in all sense of the word,is not without the fault of the wizs that inhabitates the environs. hen crime and iimmoral decadence become the order of the day,and is seen as the norm in a society,then we have an issue in our hand. I mean a society where boys of 18 years are do drugs barons and heads of gangs responsible for murder,robbery,and distri hardlyion of illicit drugs in the society. but inspite of all these,they are celebrated and worshipped by the society which they have destroyed. Education is one area that has recieved set back greatly in this whole drama,as umpteen young ones growing up dont see models in the light of discipline around them,yo follow. ut they see a lot of gangsters that are qualification money even from a very young age. so this becomes the benchmark for measuring success in this society.Those that even went to school,immediatly they got a job that could knock over them some money,they left the society and went some place else to build a life of thier own,as they really couldnt fit in to that world back home. This is the eggshell with many african societies,and this has brought about alot of death,rape,unwanted pregnancies,child abuse and drug abuse. etc. but the society still feell trapped in this quagmire irrespective of the huge prices that is been paid for all of this. his is where agencies both govermental and non-govermental,should become more strategic in saving lives and the society. they should come up with orientation programes on the effect of drugs,alcohol, and crime. the goverment should move into on compulsory secondary school education for all young person within the age of education. they should arrest and remand all crime defaulters so as to serve as deterrent for the others. they should build more schools in such societies and increase the activities of the law enforcement and drug enforcement agents in these kind of environs. wholly of these will help curb the menace of crime and drug in the socities.

Development of a SAN

IntroductionA stock Area Network (SAN)is a company storage system of many hard drives administered by an intelligent mechanism. This every(prenominal)ows a dominant and proficient use of goods and services of the entire vacant storage space decreasing the Total be of Ownership (TCO) and increasing Return on Investment (ROI), while the around prominent feature is that if some system crashing or failure occurs, the info remains safe and unharmed (Preston, 2002).Development of a SANSANs often utilize a theatrical role give framework which is a set of related forcible layer networking standards be character it supplies rapid and dependable access to the protocols then any new(prenominal) networking protocols. In the development of a SAN a distinctive Fiber Channel is used which consists of a certain respective amount of fiber framework. Nowadays, all main SAN tools are offered with Fiber Channel course-plotting key, and these carry extensive scalability advantages to the SAN f lesh by providing access of data to traverse among different frameworks with come forward integrating them.After development, master of ceremoniess appliances converse witha SAN via fiber channel framework and the SAN finds outwhere information is stored. If any hard drive fails due to some cause then the further hard drives in the storage system essentially restore the information and no data is misplaced (Clark, 2003).The information on the drivesis checked every day to record and store off station too, thus defending against the appalling organizations cooperation.ConclusionSo, the development of SAN is get essential in some organization due to its features.ReferencesPreston, W. C., (2002), Using SANs and NAS, initiatory edn, OReilly Media, USA. Clark, T., (2003), Designing Storage Area Networks A Practical Reference for Implementing Fiber Channel and IP SANs, 2nd edn, Addison-Wesley Professional, USA.

How Effective Is Cooling Down

?How effective is crusadeing at temperature reduction you down? DC The temperature of distributively tally render that contains water which had different conditions that was measured each minute Temperature (0. 05 C) Minute Dry Dry/ aerial Wet Wet/ impractical 1 77 82 70 76 2 75 80 64 70 3 72 76 59 65 4 69 73 55 60 5 67 71 53 57 6 65 68 50 53 7 64 66 48 51 8 63 64 46 48 9 61 61 44 46 10 59 60 42 44 11 58 58 41 43 12 56 56 40 41 13 55 55 39 40 14 54 53 38 38 15 53 52 37 37 (All number is put into one whole number) DCPThe per centumage depart of the temperature of each adjudicate tube that contains water which had different conditions that was measured each minute + average percentage variety show Percentage spay in temperature (0. 5 %) Trials Dry Dry/Windy Wet Wet/Windy 1 27 34 31 67 2 31 37 47 51 3 29 60 4 34 32 61 75 5 37 42 52 62 6 31 53 7 35 41 57 63 8 29 39 53 60 9 35 38 61 70 10 37 43 57 54 11 30 36 52 60 Average 32 38 53 62 (All number is put into one whole number) Ca lculations Percentage Change in temperature (Final-Initial)/Final x 100 = % change Initial Data chosen Dry Final=53, initial=79. 9-53/79 x 100 = 33% Average percent change in temperature The sum of all percent changes in temperature for dry / the number of percentages 27 + 31 + 29 + 34 + 37 + 31 + 35 + 29 + 35 + 37 + 30/11 = -32% average percent change in temperature Conclusion The try out was designed to investigate how sweating is effective on cooling you down. quaternary test tubes containing water that was all in different conditions of one existence a normal test tube cover in theme, the akin but was blown with a caramel, a wet test tube covered in newsprint and the equal one that was blown with a fan.For fifteen minutes, the temperature of the water in the test tube is measured either minute. The results above have shown that the test tube that was covered with dry newspapers percentage change is not that great from the original to the net temperature, as it is only 32%. As come up is blown to the same dry newspaper test tube, the percentage change of the temperature increase, being 38%. When it comes to the test tube covered with the wet newspaper the percentage change increase much to a greater extent with a 53 % change. The highest percentage change, with 62% is the test tube that was covered with wet newspaper and blown by the wind.In theory, as our personate heats up over the normal temperature, our body senses that there is an increase in heat, therefore it releases heat as sweat to cool us down. This is monitored by a part of our brain called the hypothalamus which monitors the temperature of tune in our body. The hypothalamus sends signals when our blood temperature increases or decreases. It sends signals because there is a change in levels, this called negative feedback. The signals sent is and so carried by neurons to other parts of the body, this move happens by the arterials being widen, which then pull up stakes make the bl ood time period through our skin.Consequently, our shunt vessels go out close the blood will then transfer heat from our body core to the skin. Thus the temperature of our skin will increase, which then eventually cause our body to sweat. Based on the results that were obtained from the entropy were similar to the theory, when our body is wet, the temperature changes and decreases more. Similar from the data above, the wet newspaper had a 53% changed compared to 32% dry newspaper. This indicates that when our body is wet, there is a higher(prenominal) chance of a larger percentage change than being dry.Same, when the wind blows to the newspaper, it made it faster for the temperature to return normal. Furthermore, the Standard Deviation error veto are not too far apart to the column gum olibanum it shows that my data is fairly accu assess. Evaluation Limitations Why? Suggestion The different initial temperature of water Because the water that was poured into the test tube had di fferent temperatures at the start, the change in temperature of each test tube arent constant By boiling the water in a specific temperature, so that when it is poured the temperature will be the same The layering of newspaper for each test tubeWhen the layering of the newspaper is thick, it will keep the test tube slow down the rate of changing temperature, with a thin newspaper, it will be faster concord the newspaper layering at the same thickness, make sure each test tube is covered in the same amount of layers Difficult to grade the temperature through the test tube/newspaper Because we cant raise the thermometer up, there was a difficulty in reading it, as it was covered by the newspaper, so then we had to guess sometimes By layering it with something more translucent, so that it will be easier to see The different distance of the fanAs there was no standards for the length of distance of the fan to the test tube, the percentage change will not be precise By making the dist ance from the fan to the test tube a control, frankincense having the same distance for each

The Sociopathic Religious Leader and Terrorism

The Sociopath Religious Leader and act of terrorism Natur each(prenominal)y, when wholeness is given the task to explore terrorism, the first thing unmatchable would think to do is pure t atomic number 53 up the definition to establish a deeper understanding. Merriam- Webster defines terrorism as the use of violent locomotes to frighten the people in an area as a way of trying to achieve a political goal. This definition whoremonger lead one to remember that the word terrorism is nothing more than than a subjective, blanketed term that is apply loosely to label any correspond charged with hatred towards the government.This lot also lead one to believe that Terrorism is not a word that can be easily fined but definitely has to count with a basis for political hatred. Currently, scholars can not conform to upon a more precise definition for the word. Its meaning varies from country to country, and purge soulfulness to person. The media leads the oecumenical population to believe that terrorism is any violent act committed by a person with radical political beliefs that is tiered towards senior high government officials but actu in ally takingss the lives of vindicated civilians.Of course, the events that happened on September 1 lath, 2001 echo this sentiment and the media tells every the Statesn that this is the definition of terrorism. But does an act of terrorism always have to be committed by a radical thinker from the middle east with a deep-seeded hate for America? Does it always have to be politically charged? Absolutely not. politically aimed terrorism is Just one end of the spectrum however, both Merriam-Webster and the Mass Media would disagree. cardinal lead one to believe that all terrorism is politically driven. umteen scholars also believe on that point is an new(prenominal) fuel behind terrorist attacks.On the other end of the spectrum lies Religion. This orbit contains apparitional fanatics that are Just as ablaze ab dis cover their beliefs who are also capable of omitting the same heinous crimes against hu small-armity. To take this one step further imagine what could happen when you have a passionate person that obsesses and idealizes their beliefs to the point of a mental disability. Many scholars agree upon the fact that there is a level of psychopaths and/or sociopath manner that is present in the minds of most terrorists. So what happens when you mix a psychopathologic brain with constitutional religious encounters?As Americans, we tend to forget that foregoing to September 1 lath, 2001, the most devastating act of terrorism in the United States was the Oklahoma City Bombings. If one delves past the surface of herds grass McVeigh, they whitethorn be surprised at what they find. Timothy McVeigh was more than a man that was angry with the government. Studies done on Timothy McVeigh reveal acquire psychological problems. Studies Suggest that there may be consistent neurological deficits of the prenatal lobes, anterior Cingular gurus and left temporal region behind amok sociopath behavior. Timothy McVeigh was the textbook definition of a sociopath and duration he may have denounced his religious views once he was caught, a closer view into his case study proves otherwise. Once you begin to look into his core beliefs youll discover that he was heavily influenced and involved with the Christian identicalness apparent movement. This Theocratic form of faith that developed in the late rima oris and movement was a spread like wildfire through rural communities passim the U. S. In the sass. Their extreme views are what motivated Timothy McVeigh to put meet behind his strong beliefs.The chief guidebook of the Christian Identity Movement was a piece of fiction entitled The Turner Diaries written by William Pierce. In this book, Pierce counts a certain faith-fueled appraisal that happened to be the call for framework for McVeigh bombing. It is as if Timothy McVeig h used this extreme piece of fiction as a step-by-step instructional on how to carry out the bombing. In the book, the revolutionaries blow up a federal building as part of their intergovernmental war. In real life, the bombing of Oklahoma Citys Alfred P.Murray Building was approximately a carbon copy of the incident in Pierces book. McVeigh even had photocopies from pages on the book on him at the time of his arrest. This event was Just as much faith driven as it was politically charged. As sad as the Oklahoma City Bombing was, Timothy McVeigh only had one other believer in his cause, his co-conspirator. Over the past couple of decades in America, there have been devout sociopaths that have confident(p) hundreds of believers to do some peculiar and gruesome things.During the bizarre Heavens Gate tragedy in 1997, marshall Applicable convinced 38 people to take their consume lives in sight to get to Heaven. He convinced them all to eat tripe laced with a Phenobarbital that con tained both arsenic and cyanide. How did he do this? With his smooth talk, convincing tone and personable demeanor. Even ore inexplicable is how some other Bible-toting holy-roller by the delineate of Jim Jones convinced more than 900 people to kill themselves by drinking Cool-Aid. Both Marshall Applicable and Jim Jones had a way with haggle that could convince people to do absolutely anything.Fortunately for the large-mindedly distributed public of America, these two monsters didnt have their pursual take innocent lives before taking their have got. Charles Manson on the other hand was an advocate of getting his pursual to commit murder. Charles Manson and his point are both interesting because here is a man with an extremely inclined religious following. His followers committed several orders in gelid blood to include shootings and gruesome, multiple stabbings in the name of their leader. Charles Manson proclaimed himself to be both God and the Son of Man and his follo wers hung onto his every word.It is classic to note that Charles Manson committed no killings with his own hands. Everyone that died under his guidance was killed by one of his lowly but loyal followers. Imagine a religious leader as influential as Marshall Applicable, Jim Jones or Charles Manson with thousands of followers that felt the need to inflict harm upon the general public. Shook Sahara was an extreme religious fanatic in Japan that had a rather broad following. He was the sole creator of the religious affiliation Mum Sonority.His beliefs were in the beginning rooted in Christianity and the Bible but took a drastic sport for the worse once his sociopath mind started to further develop his own personal ideologies and started applying them to his made-up faith. Sahara believed that he was the Son of God and began to preach this to the masses. This man had a way with run-in and he was able to accumulate a cult-like following of nearly 10,000 people residing in Japan and 30,000 more in Russia. Sharmas cult was truly unique because of its followers At seems most rare about this apocalyptic cult is that its leading members include Japans best and brightest scientists, figurer seriouss, lawyers and other highly trained professionals. But according to cult expert Margaret Singer of the University of California at Berkeley, these demographics are not unusual. Cults actively mourning band out the stupid and the psychiatric cases and look for people who are lonely, sad, amongst Jobs or Jilted, she says. This is more than likely the main reason behind the widespread following and the high volume of people that read into all of Sharmas beliefs.Sharmas foreign claim to fame name in 1995 when he initiated a terrorist attack upon the general public that resided in Tokyo. Under Sharmas guidance, a Saris nerve gas was released into the cover and confined spaces of the Tokyo underground subway system. The effects of the gassing were catastrophic. there w ere 13 untimely deaths and more than 5,000 people were seriously injured. Using religion, Sahara convinced 27 co- conspirators to cause harm to thousands upon thousands of people in the name of God. Sahara is one of the ultimate examples of how a sociopath joined with extreme religion can wreak havoc on society.What if there was a man with an prolonged following like Shook Sahara and the motivation to carry out his own dirty work like Timothy McVeigh? Faith-driven terrorist acts committed in the name of God would cause mayhem in residential streets across America. all of these men mentioned, whether they committed acts of terrorism or not, have had many characteristics in common with most terrorists that have been psychoanalysis professionally through an institution. They all exhibit some of the same key certain traits. First, most terrorists are very convincing.Whether they use deceptive charm or descriptive stories to sack up their followers believe their right, they can alte r pinions and change views in order to make people see their altered view or reality. In the cases of both Timothy McVeigh and Shook Sahara, this rings true. Secondly, terrorists and sociopaths alike are characteristically known to be highly intelligent. This is evident in the case of Sahara because in order to attract intellectual people, Sahara had to be intellectual himself. Sahara charmed his followers with intelligence and conversed with people on their high level.And lastly, Sociopaths are delusional to the point that they have convinced themselves that their babbling is the absolute truth. There is nothing more convincing that a man that has absolute, 100% bureau in the words that he is preaching. Whether it is a complete lie or not, an unwavering confidence in delivery combined with a zealous belief that it is the truth is enough to motivate thousands. One day in the United States of America, there will be a sociopath religious leader that has a strong cult-like following w ho is widely accepted and loved by the general public.Business men and politicians alike will endorse his personal views on religion and the major marketing giants will have him on the covers of magazines and on the scarecrow page of newspapers . Rappers and singers will mention him in their songs, and he may even have a verse or two on a hit-song himself, making him a household name. He will make cameo appearances in hit box-office movies and win over audiences across America. Both he and his devoted underlings will have an extreme zeal and undying faith for what they believe.If this sociopath religious leader has a destructive vision that is characteristic of all terrorists, evil and destruction will be a result. His zeal coupled with mass appeal, along with the notion of Our work is favorable in the look of God ill result in catastrophic terrorist events nationwide and may even unfold to be the beginning of something much bigger, something that is already written. fleck the th ought of a politically charged terrorist attack is awful, the endless possibilities of faith-driven acts of terrorism are absolutely mortifying.The politically driven terrorist has a rational military issue to deal with backlash from the government and the citizens. On the other hand, the faith-driven terrorist has an irrational view of consequence or concern for his actions because the only audience he is unhappy with is God. The faith-driven terrorist is liable to do so much more harm to innocent lives because his psychopathic brain may see his work as pleasant according to his beliefs and favorable in the eyes of God.It is his disregard of the consequences that is unbearable and leaves the doors wide open for any and all kinds of terrorist attacks to ensue. The faith-driven terrorist is not bound by the constraints of this world and it is because of this, that the sociopath religious leader is the ultimate terrorist.

Understanding Mixed Research Methods

Understanding complicated look for Methods our site Dissertation TopicsWhat argon Mixed Research Methods?Simply put, combine look is the combination of qualitative and denary search ruleology, and is used in studies where there is a exact for a better understanding of the problem. The main advances of blend systems query are as followsBetter understanding of the research problem More brainwave than simple numerical methods Allows the validation of qualitative and quantitative methods Provides more than instruction than single method researchThere are, however, some limitations and disadvantages of mixed method research number, as well, such asThe complexity of the research information makes it hard to interpret and analyse Takes a lot of time to contrive and execute There is a greater chance that discrepancies exit purloin than in single method researchThe main differences between kissing disease and multiple methods are presented in the below graph.The Purp ose of Mixed Methods ResearchThe main reason why or so students and researchers use mixed methods is because sensation typeface of information would not be enough to raise answers to the research questions or test the hypothesis. In other cases, the secondary method is added to mitigate the quality of the data, or, the area might stir multiple phases.Mixed methods are popular today, as many researchers are looking to investigate issues from divers(prenominal) perspectives. If the findings of one and only(a) research method are unexpected, a second method might be needed to interpret the discrepancies.The application of mixed methods is the most common in the following fieldsNursing and social perplexity Educational research Sociology Psychology Political sciences How to see a Mixed Resesarch Study?It is main(prenominal) to determine the sequence of data collection and crystallise the synopsis methods. First, the author will need to necessitate the mixed research de sign they would like to use in their study. There are iv main mixed research design bettermentes used in wellness and social studies, education, marketing attendant explanatory designThis method first-year collects and analyses quantitative data, and later validate and explain the results using qualitative research. The concentre of this approach is on the quantitative research, and the qualitative study helps put the results into context.Sequential exploratory designIn this approach, the first research conducted is qualitative, followed by a quantitative study that is integrated in the interpretation of the results. The focus of this study design is on quantitative data. You can use this research design to explore a phenomenon in detail or test a new theory.Concurrent triangulation In this method, qualitative and quantitative research have equal priority, and they are conducted one by one. The results of the two individual data collections are discussed in the interpretation o f the findings. This mixed method is most suitable for validating the results of one method with the other.Concurrent nestedIn this method, the author will need to choose a dominant data collection method, and nest the results of the other type of research in the interpretation phase of the study. The information is interpreted together, to provide a deeper understanding of a phenomenon.Before deciding which method to choose, it is important to plan where the point of interface between the two research methods will be at the point ofData collection Data analysis Interpretation The Mixed Methods Research DesignMixed methods research is more complicated than either quantitative or qualitative. Therefore, you must plan your data collection, analysis, and interpretation phases carefully. Use the below flow chart to create your induce design that is fit for the purpose of your study.First, develop your research questions for the qualitative and quantitative studies. Next, you will need to identify your samples and determine the sample size of two qualitative and quantitative data collection. Decide whether the sample sizes will be equal or unequal. Finally, make a plan for merging qualitative and quantitative data and interpreting them in a logical way.How to become the Most Out of Your Mixed Research Design? You must see to it that you have a clear research strategy that describes your methodological approach and the interpretation of the results. You need to describe the different phases of research, such as exploration, triangulation, complimentarity, break of data, and the dissemination of the results. It is important that when you structure your mixed method research, you clarify this in the methodology section and cover the data collection and analysis methods separately for qualitative and quantitative research. Likewise, you will have to first present the findings of both research together, followed by the synthesis of findings and the results section. Develop your research questions and add sub-questions that besides focus on the specific aspects of the issue you investigate using mixed methods. You need to focus on the Rationale section of your paper and in effect communicate why using the mixed research method provides a better understanding of the issue than single methodologies. Always justify your picking of data collection. Do not neglect theories and theses. Using a mixed methodology can help you test your hypotheses better, develop new theses, or confirm research statements or answer important questions related to the field. in force(p) like other research designs, your study will need to hold the limitations of the research, as well as the insights you gained through the study.Good mixed research studies are well developed, clear, integrate the quality standards of both qualitative and quantitative research, provide more information than standard studies, and include the discussion of good issues related to the mix ed methodology.Get Help with Your Mixed Methods Research DesignPlanning your mixed research design can be overwhelming, and you might feel like you are unable to develop clear research questions that are related to both data collection and analysis methods. unite information to gain a greater insight into problems is the main benefit of using mixed research, however, the approach is not without challenges. Talk to our site and permit our professional academic writers and editors help you design your mixed methods research.

Two Hotels

What Is the overlap between trading trading operations, marketing and product/ serve development at Acme Whistles? The simple answer to this disbelief Is, thither Is a precise signifi assholet overlap between these functions. The underlying question is Why? Partly, the reason is size. As Simon Ottoman says in the example, sm all(prenominal) companies can non give specialist functions so at a managerial aim everyone does everything to around extent. This becomes especially true when the boss of the company Is besides the admiter, It Is literally his give money that Is being spent when creating any invigorated managerial oleos.Partly also the tradition and competitive stance of the company has an influence. This is a company that competes on quality and innovation. Both these things depone on informal communications inside the validation and a fast moving, agile ability to checkout and implement new Ideas. Oxford 1 What atomic number 18 the main aftermaths facing Sofas operations managers? Broadly, Oxford result have the same issues as any other operation. They mustinessiness mold their strategic objectives, design appropriate processes that deliver appropriate services, plan and introduction those processes, and continually adapt and improve how they deliver their services.But they also have or so particularly difficult challenges because of their status as an emergency and caring organization. They must provide a global service. By deflation, Sofas scope of operations Is global. anyplace a disaster Is the likes ofly to strike could pay off the attention of the charity. However, more of Sofas work Is not concerned with the eminent profile disaster simpleness side of its subscriber line, but rather the ongoing community development projects it undertakes. closely of these projects leave e in the poorer, less developed parts of the world.The entailment of this is that, from an operations point of view, services must be delivered with out an assumed level of infrastructural support. The ability to adapt development methodologies to such circumstances would be a key operations task. Another aspect of globalization for Oxford concerns the coordination of expertise. Experts, either in development or disaster relief, may be located anywhere In the world. The task of understanding and coordinating this pool of potential wait on must be a major operations task. It will rely on maintaining a database of expertise and on the ability to deploy it, sometimes at short notice.They must be environmentally ethical. To Oxford, the concept of environmental management must be tackled at two levels. The most transp atomic number 18nt one Is that environmental awargonness is an output from the charity operations. In other words, environmental management, to some extent, is one of the operations products. It will engage in lobbying governments and non-governmental agencies to achieve Its alms of greater environmental sustainabilit y. However, in that arrangement Is also another related Issue. Sofas operations themselves must also be environmentally sound.Agricultural projects, for example, must be managed to ensure that there is 1 OFF local pressures to do so. They must be socially responsible. Again, this is one of those issues, which is both an output from the operation and an objective for the manner it runs its own operations. A key issue here must be the focusing in which the on the ground managers of development projects tackle some of the particularly sl overthrower cultural issues. For example, sexual practice issues are one of Sofas campaigning points forever, appropriate gender roles are seen in very diametric ways in divers(prenominal) parts of the world.Pursuing its own ends in terms of, say girls education, must be balanced against traditional ideas of womens role. Whereas this difficulty may be relatively unsophisticated to reconcile at a strategic level back in the charity Oxford head quarters, its victor depends on how local operations managers deal with the issue at a day-to-day level. Prt A Manger What are the advantages and disadvantages of Prt A Manger organizing itself so that the individual shops make the sandwiches that they sell? There are a number of advantages in this type of organization. The load on the mental faculty in the shop is equalized throughout the day.The indigence from customers for purchasing the sandwiches occurs mainly in the middle of the day. If the mental faculty only sold sandwiches, they would be busy in the middle part of the day and unoccupied at other times. The way Prt a Manger organize their processes, the staff can occupy themselves do sandwiches in the early part of the day, then, as the day progresses, staff will progressively move from making to selling. As demand then reduces towards the end f the day, staff will move onto general cleaning and tidying activities as well as making ready for the same cycle of activitie s to relieve itself the next day.There is clear and direct responsibility for quality, customer service and greet. If there are any problems with quality and availability of sandwiches, it is the same staff who caused the problems who receive customer complaints (In fact, Prt a Manger get very few complaints). Similarly, the potency of cost control can be clearly associated with the staff in the shop. It is a more interesting Job that has a number of different activities (making, selling, cleaning, etc. ) than one where an individual will specialize in entirely one of these tasks.It is easier to engender a sense of pride in the blue quality and wholesome nature of the products when they are made on the premises. It should be pointed out that there also disadvantages. The main one is that the cost of making sandwiches in a sandwich grinder (the way the vast volume of sandwiches are made) is very significantly cheaper because of the higher volume. How can effective operations m anagement at Prt A Manger contribute significantly to its success? And what would the consequences of poor operations management be in this kind of organization?By developing a culture within each stock certificate that takes pride in the products themselves, the way they are made and the way customers are served. By listening to customers so that customers reactions and comments can inform the design of new products. By not wasting materials through poor control, which would increase the cost of running the operation. By developing a sense of fun as well as a sense of commitment in the staff so that customers sense a friendly and laced atmosphere. Two very different hotels in delivering an appropriate level of service?For Formula 1, applied science is harnessed in the manufacture of the self-contained bedroom units in the factory prior to assembly on the site. Because of the standardization, conventional factory automation can be used to some extent. More obviously, during the ru nning of normal operations at the hotel, technology, in the form of the automatic booking in machine at the door, digests the hotel to remain open even while it is unstained for much of the day. This saves labor. Similarly, labor is protected by the use of automatic cleaning in the washrooms.This also ensures that high standards of cleanliness are maintained throughout the day, even when the hotel is not staffed. Although not mentioned in the text, Formula 1 hotels also have automatic drinks and snack dispensers, which would allow guests to stave off hunger and thirst even though the hotel does not provide food in a conventional restaurant setting. At the Magus drive Lodge, very little technology is used. The attraction of the hotel lies in its location and in how their staff treat the guests.Staff must not only be informative and courteous, they will also need to protect and reassure those guests who are anxious in their surroundings and create a sense of risk (but not too much adventure). 2 What are the main differences in the operations management challenges facing the two hotels? The main difference is the stop of standardization in the operations processes. For Formula 1, the main use of standardization is in the manufacture of the individual room units. All room units are on the button the same size. Because they all have the same fitting, these fittings can be artsy installed at the factory.This allows the company to buy furniture, curtains, and carpets in high volumes, keeping costs down. The interchangeable nature of the units also allows the hotel to be constructed quickly (which itself saves costs) using standardized methods of wind that are cheaper than building entirely different hotels at each site. calibration of rooms also allows a standardized procedure to be adopted for cleaning and maintenance, so staff can be easily adept using a standardized training package. Finally, standardization of the room units, radically, allows all Formu la 1 hotels to adapt to the geography of the site.By putting the standard units together, like childrens building blocks, they can use unusually shaped pieces of land, which tend to be cheaper than regularly shaped sites. By contrast, the Magus Safari Lodge provides experiences customized for every visitors requirements and abilities. Also, the Magus Safari Lodge must be able to cope with fluctuations in demand through the year. However, Formula 1 try to choose locations that capture the business traveler market during the week and leisure travelers at the weekend.

Core Elements in Business Process Managment

scholar Log Book LLB assimilator Log Book LLB I. INSTRUCTIONS The purport of the Learners Log Book (LLB) is to document the achievements of the learner in a underlying repository that leave be considered as evidence on the dominance of the information edge. It is a monitoring tool that e-tutors use to report on man-to-man learners progress and it is a way of ensuring that learners Are engaged in their learning cognitive operation. They are experimenting by doing the tasks subscribed to them by the e-tutor.Avoid plagiarism because learners have to be engaged on a continuous basis and the informal sound judgement corporation therefore be used to ensure consistency with the chief(prenominal) formal assessment. fork out e-Tutors with the opportunity to get to know the learners evaluate them and instruct them properly. There are templates which will formulate whether learners read, whether they understand, whether they assimilate the knowledge, whether they develop inqu iry ability, whether they have the potential to conduct critical thinking and whether they can reflect on the knowledge accumulated by relating to documentary situations.The onus is mainly on learners to furnish the required information in the templates after distributively unit based on the Read and Analyze Activity. After plectron the information in the template they need to e-mail it back to the e-Tutor. e-Tutor will then comments on the work done and the involvement that takes place and experience overall impressions on the learners at the end of the module. II. GENERAL INFORMATION Learner Name ID Number Course agnomen Business Process ManagementArticle Title Rosemann and Brocke Date of Submission 19 Oct 2011, 2pm Date of Received Feedback III. SUMMARY (100-200 words) Provide a summary in your own words on the oblige you requested to read and analyze in the sideline space. The article introduces a brief overview of the sise content elements in business process manag ement. Also, it states the reasons down working hard to identify these core elements.A metronome marking fabric that outlines the dissimilar elements of beats per minute is an essential slip by for m some(prenominal) purposes such as task and program management, vendor management, complexity management, standards management and strategy management. There is a need to identify the bpm framework because it can guide close makers in all previously mentioned challenges. The metronome marking maturity models were used for the framework identification. However, Rosemann and de Bruins BPM maturity model was selected as the base for identifying the core elements because of round reasons.One of these reasons is that the model was applied in a number of organic laws where it proved to be of practical relevance in real life projects. Finally, the six core elements and their subcomponents were identified. The critical BPM elements are strategical alignment, governance, methods, info rmation technology, people and socialisation. BPM must(prenominal) be cogitate to the organisational strategy. It should establish clear responsibilities and guide decision making processes. BPM adapts a set of methods and IT solutions that supports activities along the process lifecycle like modeling, implementation, monitoring and alterment.People and culture as core elements include individuals as well as groups and their values and beliefs in regards to process-centered organization. IV. CRITICAL ANALYSIS This is the roughly important section in your analysis. To complete it successfully, the learner is to consider the following guiding steps ? Present arguments coherently, supported by evidence and facts to substantiate on why you may take a particular lieu and/ or position towards a particular approach whether against or in support of it ?Where applicable, attempt to bridge the gap between the theory and abstract work and the application under consideration. I believ e that the identified BPM core elements are an essential tool for the organization success. BPM elements completed a clear guide for decision makers seeking organizational excellence. I strongly agree that the performance of individuals and groups and the business processes must be linked to the organizational strategic goals. Process measures are necessary for continuous identifying, measure and developing of the actual business processes performance.Process measures may clarify the organizational goals and drive changes towards better customer satisfaction. Furthermore, I believe that having a clear comment of roles and responsibilities is an essential success factor. This definition clearly states the critical tasks, what is anticipate from employees and groups, how to pucker the expectations and how to improve the business. Therefore, it provides a linkage of process performance with strategic goals. I agree that methods and IT solutions must be part of the core elements.T hey provide essential tools and techniques that despatch redesigning of the business processes in order to achieve performance improvement. Finally, culture has a strong impact on the business and its performance because heathen beliefs and values set the negotiation and chat style. People attitudes and behaviors may improve business processes and may delay the improvement. It depends on their willingness to adapt new changes. V. unimaginative APPLICATIONS How could you apply the subject matter from the article in a real business case? The core elements must be applied in all business cases to enable improvement in the operative efficiency. This can be done by strongly linking the organizational goals with business performance. wholly job descriptions and duties must be defined in accordance to the organizational mission and goals. Ensure that governance is applied by providing each employee with a clear and specific definition of the activities, tasks and processes.Employees will be aware of whats expected from them and how to meet the expectation by applying governance element. Apply methods and IT techniques to facilitate process modeling and analysis instead of using traditional methods. For example, oil and flub industries use HYSYS program to model the processing plant and simulate any future changes to study the change impact on the industry forward implementing it in reality. This how IT implementation facilitates business processes. People whether individuals or groups play a vital role in organizational success.On-going training that aligns with the strategic goals must be provided to employees to enhance their skills and knowledge. Individuals must be encouraged to take responsibilities and be accountable for major tasks. This can be done by commission of a major task of the leader to the employee where the employee will be creditworthy for delivering the coveted outcomes. After delivering a major task in the desired results, the employee will gain confidence and willingness to lead in future jobs.People inwardly one organization must adapt similar values and beliefs and must be linked to each other. Organizing communities and networks at work will suffice creating a culture. For example, having an organizational day out will facilitate communication among various people in the organization. VI. LEARNING REFLECTIONS What have you learnt? Identify the let on learning points and the lessons learnt. Critical thinking is about the lessons learnt to be drawn from the analysis. BPM framework can serve many vital purposes such as project management, vendor management, complexity management, standards management and strategy management ? BPM framework comprehensively structures BPM as an organizational capability and not only as the execution of tasks in the process lifecycle ? BPM consists of six core elements that represent its success factors ? BPM core elements are strategic alignment, governance, methods, IT, peopl e and culture ? BPM must be linked to the organizational strategies and goals where all processes are designed in accordance to strategic priorities ? organisation defines clear responsibilities and focuses on the design of decision-making processes ? Methods and IT tools must be applied to facilitate process modeling, execution, monitoring, control, improvement and project management ? Human capital of the organization is an important factor for improving business processes IX. e-TUTOR COMMENTS AND FEEDBACK Mark picpic

Chorographic Fusion between Contemporary Dance and Indigenous Movement in Bangarra Dance Theatre Essay

Chorographic Fusion between present-day(a) Dance and natural Movement in Bangarra Dance Theatre Stephen rogue has been the Artistic director of Bangarra Dance Theatre since 1991. During this time he has choreographed many a(prenominal) flora, including his two major pieces Ochres and look for. Ochres was first performed in Sydney in 1995 playing an infixed part in handed-downistic life and it explored the significance of ochres.Fish is similarly close to the earth and the power of the members, Fish focused on the wet of the earth and the wealth of life. Bangarra gets its inspiration from autochthonic and Torres Strait Islander traditions and deals with the contemporary issues the autochthonic population face.Ochres is a work with four parts to it, Yel economic crisis, Black, ruby-red and White,(colours representing Aboriginal culture and heritage) with each scratch representing the following Yellow exhibit the female spirit, Black displaying the male energy, Red bein g closely contemporary social issues and White takes inspiration from what has come and using it to create a new world. Using the ochres is a traditional ritual done originally dancing on the earth, it welcomes the story to the earth and this is done at the inauguration of Ochres.Djakapurra Munyarryun is Bangarras cultural consultant and is featured in Ochres to display the traditional cay up and formulation of cleansing the earth. This traditional element in autochthonous terpsichore and is much much detailed than what is performed in Ochres. In the section Yellow, knave has used choreographic conglutination between contemporary move and indigenous movement.The dancers ar imitating animal movement which is taken from traditional Indigenous dance. However most of the movement in Yellow is presented in an rear contemporary way. Black starts with Munyarryun wiping the ochre across his forehead, this is a traditional element that is repeated in Black. The stick dance in B lack is about men competing for hunting grounds and has a traditional meaning. Most of Ochres has traditional meanings that are displayed though contemporary dance.The fusion between the contemporary dance and the indigenous movement is clear in Black with a circularise of animal imitation. Fish also has four sections to it, Fish, Swamp, Traps and Reef. They are all about the waters of the earth and the mysteries they crack. Both traditional movement and contemporary dance is shown in Fish and each section displays this in its own way. The contemporary expression of traditional parts of Indigenous culture in Fish is shown when the men are hunting for fish in the sectionTraps.They gestate spears and are demonstrating how they traditionally caught fish. The choreographic intent of the hunting movement achieved the nub of their traditional ways but told a whole story by the abstract contemporary outlook. Fish has many traditional elements that are convey through contemporary danc e this includes things such as movement, music and costumes.The melody in Fish changes from their traditional music with instruments like the didgeridoo into a more techno and modern upbeat sound. Throughout Ochres the music has a combination of the traditional and contemporary music. Indigenous chanting in both pieces displays the relevance of the Indigenous culture in Ochres and Fish.The costumes in Fish look like creatures of the ocean, they perplex a scaly effect but are kept simple. Jeans are also used in Fish as costumes other than the traditional body paint that is still shown in other sections. In Ochres in that location is a section that has the woman dancing topless, this is done in low light and is very traditional and acceptable in this form of dancing. Page has also incorporated costumes that are very modern in contemporary dance in Ochres, in the section Red a tie of the items of clothing are beautiful and modern but still contain that Indigenous feel.Bangarra Danc e Theatre is meaning(a) to Australia because it has so much level behind every single dance that Page creates. It celebrates the communities and cultures of the indigenous mint in a unique way. Its living traditions go bear at least 40,000 years with the Indigenous sight of Australia and reflects the lives of Indigenous people today. Contemporary dance embraces traditional stories that admire the histories and identity of many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. The culture, values and traditions of Indigenous Australians inspires movement in Bangarra Dance Theatre.This political party tells a story about the history of the indigenous people to Australia to the world. It is all important(predicate) that the Indigenous culture is never forgotten and Bangarras artistically creative works make sure that they arent. Ochres and Fish have many parts that are traditional to Indigenous culture with animal imitation, the paint up and preparation with ochre and the representation of what the earth means to their culture. Bangarra Dance Theatre is important to Australia and to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.Stephen Page has created many works with a fusion of contemporary dance and traditional movement. This is important because its apart of Australian heritage and our history.Bangarras distinctive choreography portrays stories and highlights important traditions through contemporary dance.

How Values Affect Decisions in Personal and Professional Life Essay

Abstract umpteen the great unwashed realise a traffic circle of core set, either in-person, organizational, or cultural, that supporter run away his or her heart, and that take careance him or her in making conclusivenesss in their usual existence. Most of my decisions atomic number 18 based on how they result affect my family, me, and my cargoner. My family is the key factor in any decision I make. I build to consider what yield my choices go away mystify on my family before I act on them. My success in my c atomic number 18er choice of study Systems is also an eventful value to me. I strive to improve my knowledge of information systems to the crush of ability in order to further my career.This value has brought me to be results oriented, a hard worker, and a team imposter. Companies are now doing business with former(a) companies in dissimilar countries. Organizations are now set up to where employees establish to interact with different bulk to proceed t he job mounte. If psyche desires a long, prosperous career, they read to learn to work with diverse people of different cultures. Everyone has a set of core values that assist him or her in making decisions in their daily existence, and many a(prenominal) people expect these values to lead them to live a wonderful life.Many people collect a set of core values, either personal, organizational, or cultural, that help guide his or her life, and that assist him or her in making decisions in their everyday existence Values such as my family, friendships, and personal growth break to the choices that I make in my personal life. Values such as being results-oriented, a hard worker, a team dissembleer, and the desire to be successful guide me in making decisions in an organizational environment. I evaluate my core values before making any decisions that will submit them in anyway.According to author David Peters (2003) Personal ethics have been defined as principles of earnest beha vior, a moral code of conduct, or a system to decide between competing options. But simply stated, personal ethics are nothing more(prenominal) than the rules impose on ourselves that command our daily actions. (p. 30) For many people different factors and beliefs shape their values but, I believe that everyone shares one goal of living the best life workable not just physically but spiritually and mentally. Many of my decisions are based on how they will affect my family, me, and my career.My family is the key factor in any decision I make. I have to consider what influence my choices will have on my family before I follow through with(predicate) with them. For example, my returning to school keeps me from spending as much measure as I would like with my loved ones. I thought about returning back to school long and hard and came to the conclusion that I make to return to school now before I have more children, my missy gets to an age were I have to run her all oer town for things that she wants to participate in, or any opposite life-changing event takes place.I came to the conclusion that I need to go now because it will just take between a year and half or deuce years to complete. By the time I am done with school, my daughter will be four and starting kindergarten, and that is a good time to also think about having another child. So I trenchant to go ahead and return to school and get my masters degree in information systems. If I know that a decision will drastically affect my family, I will go to them to get their input on the situation. My success in my career choice of Information Systems is also an important value to me.Roy Posner states, One of the interesting values in life is ones innate desire for continuous improvement. (Roy Posner 2006). I strive to improve my knowledge of information systems to the best of my ability in order to further my career. This value has brought me to be results oriented, a hard worker, and a team player. In the environment of information technology, everyone has to be team player because most of the positions require people to interact with each other.Whether the person is a systems analyst or a mail clerk, he or she will be part of a diverse group of people who have to work together effectively and efficiently to meet the goals of the organization as a whole. Culture is the key to peoples way of living, judge changes and doing business is rapidly loosing geographical borders. (Kanungo, 2006, p. 23). Companies are now doing business with other companies in different countries. Organizations are now set up to where employees have to interact with different people to fulfill his or her job duties. If someone desires a long, prosperous career, they have to learn to work with diverse people of different cultures.At one time or another, everyone has had life experiences that help guide his or her decision making process. Nancy Haught (2006) states the following For many people, from many different belief systems, their faith is the only factor that they see fictile their personal ethics. But most Americans would admit that other factors do play a part parents or other relatives? experiences such as a stint in the Peace Corps or a drag in with the law.The factors that shape our ethics are varied, but it religion that often gets the credit, or the blame (p.C1) Many people have come to the realization that they dont have to have the world to live a good life. Although, someone may want a successful career, they shouldnt have to sacrifice other aspects of their life to obtain it. Other aspects of life are more fulfilling, such as a wonderful relationship with God, family, and friends. Many people have a set of core values that assist him or her in making decisions in their daily existence, and many people expect these values to lead them to live a wonderful life References Haught, N. (2006, March 11). ethics & values definitions ethics, morals, values.The Oregonian , C1. Kanungo, R. P. (2006). Cross culture and business cause are they coterminous or cross-verging? Cross Cultural Management, 13(1), 23. Peters, David. (2003) Your Personal Ethics ? is it time for a check up? National Jeweler, 97 (7), 30. Posner, Roy. (2006). The situation of Personal Values. Retrieved July 05, 2007 from http//www. gurusoftware. com/GuruNet/Personal/Topics/Values. htm.

Into the Dark

Into the Dark A tunnel of light paraded across the crown of the dark way of life then(prenominal) widened as the painted wooden opening creaked open. A pitch- color in shadow briskly swept across the Invading reflect then with break a moments hesitation disappeared Into the swallowing blackness of the fiddling room. A small girl asleep In her princess pink canopy bed was awoken by the loud sound of heavy breathing. The dog the likes of pant displace a furious chill down her spine, late streaking throughout her drum Like tiny pins and needles. Her heart pounded with the heavy beat of a place drum.As she looked up her dark eyes filled with fear. She slammed her eyes shut win over that It was her Imagination and burled her face into her fluffy, soft, cased pillow, determined to shut out the constant nagging of a disembodied voice. Harshly whispering,it give tongue to, Come with me, line up with me Elena, The voice retreated to the back of her mind. l mean you no harm. She slowly opened her dry mouth to say something but the words wouldnt act out. The clock has almost run out verbalize the snake like voice. Just jump off the bed, Im in your head but I wont hurt you. Yeah right Yelled Elena, l should Just brook off my bed for no reason Just jump, said the today soothing voice of some iodin else. Elena knew it was a trick but in advance she could resist she closed her eyes shut and Jumped. Instead of hitting the foundation she kept falling. She snapped her eyes open and didnt quite process what she saw. Darkness race past her then opened into a new scene. Bright rays of seem light streamed through the air coming from an unknown source. Dark grizzly rock pillars protruded from thin air in unruly shapes and formations.Elena didnt know whether to be scared or in awe of the beauty. Welcome to my world whispered the voice In a hushed tone Oh goody. said Elena In her most sarcastic voice,The snake Is back Her voice cracked on the last word for she was still in wound. Frustrated about the awkward stutter, she tried to run but found herself moving faster than anyone could sprint. She was flying. A robins egg blue cloud burst out from behind one of the stone pillars causing Elena to to a double back In shock of TLS brightness and vibrancy.When she looked closer she saw that the cloud was not in position a weird looking, unusually colored luster of evaporated water, but a giant wave of exquisite blue settlers jays. One bird set down on her. It opened up its mouth. Instead of letting out the beautiful song that she was expecting, it started screeching, BEEP BEEP BEEP BEEP. The dark room then widened as the painted wooden door creaked open. A pitch- colored shadow briskly swept across the invading gleam then without a moments hesitation disappeared into the swallowing blackness of the small room. The lights flicked on and her mom said Get out of bed youre going to miss the bus

Linguistic history on punjabi family Essay

My familys linguistic autobiography is a main affair of one person from each family that represents to reflect others. My familys linguistic history project is based on my milliamperes history and how that reflects me. magical spell my mom was growing up, she didnt loose any verbiage entirely only gained a expression. She gained a language because of her movement, which reflected on me a lot. nigh of my moms history while growing up did imprint me and changed my life as well.Her background study spoke the difficulty she had between incompatible languages, which affected me in many ways. These following paragraphs are rough my moms history and how it flows to reflect me. Starting of with my mom, her name is Manjeet Kaur and her side of the family is from India, Punjab- Amritsar. This region and place reflected on my life because if my moms side of the family did non come from India- Punjab, I wouldnt know the wonderful culture that I represent right know.She was born in 1978, August 5, which did reflect me because if she werent born at that time, I wouldnt be here at this time. She learned to read and write in India when she was 6-years old. Her first language was Punjabi with no problem speaking it solely when she transferred to the United States of America, she learned speaking and piece of writing side of meat slowly by slowly. She had hard time speaking English when she transferred to the United States of America but still tried her best.This statement about my mom cultivation English actually reflected herself because when school had started for the first time, my comrade and me more often speak English at home preferably than Punjabi. She had learned English by just hearing me and my brother gabble in English but she didnt just stop their to learning English because she knew she was missing out a lot of the main information so she started asking many ELA related question for example, she would ask (How do we say our names in English or How do we speak to others and more).While learning English, my mom didnt really lose her Punjabi language but while teaching my mom English, I learned that for at one time I am teaching an adult something important which did reflected me. My mom feels steady and robust about her primordial election language because she is pretty sure that she is non going to block up her primary language. Also, she would not forget her Punjabi language she dialog Punjabi with her relatives. My mom feels strong and robust about her primary language because she says with her primary language, she has gotten this far to learning English.My mom says that because I know her primary language well and she knows it too so we translate through that language to get my mom to know English much better. When she uses her primary language, it would virtually likely be with her relatives using her own language. In the future, she would not forget her primary language because she would be using it with my brother, my dad, and me and so forth with her relatives. In my conclusion, I state that my moms linguistic history affects me too in many ways.This also would affect me because I have a main role to doings and support my mom that she could accomplish her ending to learn English and not to forget her primary language. These interviews really ease me gather information on her history and answered all of my questions the way I asked. Language learned or lost both was answered and completed her touch sensation and thinkings on the specific languages. The future of her language helps me conduct this essay in a good way too but the main part on how these question and answers reflected me.

“Life Doesn’t Frighten Me” by Maya Angelou

1. The speaker takes on the stance that she is idoliseless against common fears in life.2. She deals with her fears in an imaginary sort of way. She faces them with a magic charm that she keeps up her sleeve, non in a realistic way by marching music up to them and facing them with courage, for example.3.The author denies that she tangiblely has any fears. Magic, the way she deals with her fears, is not real therefore I believe she is in denial of her fears.4. I dont prize the author is algophobic of what anything in the actual poem. I telephone that she has probably already faced and conquered these particular fears or been subjected to them at some point already in her life. This is why she does not fear them because they are not unknown.5. The author should not be afraid of these fears because they are mostly puerility fears.6. I think she strongly refused to be afraid of them because they are childish fears.7. If the author was actually afraid of shadows, noises, ghosts, d ogs, be alone, strangers, and boys, Id take it that she was very childish in her tact and had not been exposed to much in her life. While most children fear these things initially, they grow up and overcome those fears as they face life. I think that if the writer were to be afraid of these, she may possibly be class in a stereotypical manner of a young girl, just certainly not a woman, especially in the twenty root century where woman suggest strength and power almost rival to that of man. However, girl still holds the stereotype of weaker, frailer, and in need of existence protected (from things such as fears).8. I do not watch over it interesting at all that none of these things frighten the speaker. I think the speaker is trying to be convey strength, but it is such an boyish strength, that it is a very weak argument.9. According to the fifth stanza, the speaker seems to be saying that boys are nasty brutes who pick on the girls who appear to be extremely girly. The spe aker probably fits in physically and stereotypically with the children, but mentally, emotionally, and intellectually she is older since she can detach herself from life. She is more artistic and free in that sense than her peers.10. Other indicators that the speaker is fearless is how she makes the ghosts go away I go boo Make them shoo and her sense that anything is possible I can walk the ocean floor And never have to breathe.11. Strangers in the dark frighten me slightly as do panthers, but completely if they are loose12. I think, again, that the things that are mentioned are more childhood fears by both sexes. I think females have deeper fears than this and it is a due date issue. I dont think this is a poem more or less being a strong woman. I think it is more a poem about being able to be oneself and not fearing what others think.

Actions That Contribute To Achieving Food Security Environmental Sciences Essay

In this new epoch, 38 % of Earth s progress is left for agribusiness intent to pattern the cultivation of dirt for need forthing craw all(prenominal) indorsement proper as raising stir animal for piece use and ingestion. Cropland which grows kit and caboodle harvest and rangeland croping extol be kick upstairs animal depend on healthy dirt. However, dirts are outlet infertile in many part of the existence due to motley causes. Soil dilapidate is the peculiar(prenominal) causes of dirt debasement. Under the cognition of unpolished harvest scientific discipline and labor scientists prove several farming schemes to forestall dirt debasement by the rule and patterns of cropping schema that is harvest rotary relocation, contour floriculture, intercropping, terrassing, windbreaks and preservation cultivated land.Crop rotary motion is jumping the harvest planted that chamberpotister re get to to dirty in concert with fight plague and disordersContour agricult ure is seting along contour lines of inclines assisting in cut downing eroding on hillsides.Intercropping is blending harvests much(prenominal) as strip cropping rout out supply foods and cut down eroding.Terracing, cutting gradation stairss or patios are the lone manner to farm highly imbibe hillsides without doing monolithic eroding. It requires labour-intensive to make, but has been a pillar for centuries in the Himalayas and the Andes.Windbreaks are the rows of aggressive trees well-nigh harvest plantings provide shelterbelts, cut downing eroding by air current.Conservation cultivated land is about no-till and reduced-tillage agriculture leaves old harvest residue on the land alternatively of travel it into dirt. This engenders the dirt, maintaining it in topographic dismantle.Here, maize grows up out of a cover harvest. Therefore, by following the rule of cropping system, there entrust establish an accession in dirt birthrate and creativeness. Hence, we gage cultiv ate the mass output signal of output which encourages the solution to wholesome shelter against dirt debasement. Like that, agribusiness has proven much scientific cognition towards chemical re spotion and version of mood alteration to guarantee the stableness in agricultural wholesome security exertion.Adaptations such as altering seting daytime of the months and pickings longer season assortments are likely to countervail losingss or farther summation outputs. Engendering for response to CO2 will probably be necessary to accomplish operose fertilisation burden assumed in the harvest surveies. This is an undeveloped encounter and the chances for choosing for CO2 response are good. However, efforts to engender for a individual induce are frequently non successful, unless early(a) traits and interactions are considered. Engendering for tolerance to climatic fury has already been to a great extent exploited and assortments that do high hat on a lower floor ideal cond itions normally they likewise outperform other assortments low emphasis conditions. Breeding specific assortments for specific conditions of clime emphasis is thus less likely to meet success. close to versions to climate alteration and its im stipulations can hold negative secondary effects. For illustration it relates to agricultural chemical usage. An addition the usage of pesticides and weedkillers is one version to increased insects, weeds, and diseases associated with warming. Runoff of these chemicals into prairie wetlands, groundwater, and rivers and lakes could endanger potable H2O supplies, coastal Waterss, diversion countries, and water bird home ground.The all-encompassing uncertainnesss in clime scenarios, regional fluctuation in clime effects, and interactions of environment, frugal sciences, and farm policy suggest that there are no undecomposable and widely applicable version prescriptions. Farmers will necessitate to accommodate slackly to altering condition s in agribusiness, of which altering clime is merely one factor. Some of the possible versions more(prenominal) straight related to climate includeSowing day of the months and other seasonal alterationsPlant two harvests alternatively of one or a spring and autumn harvest with a short fallow period to eliminate inordinate heat and drouth in summer solstice. For already warm turning countries, winter cropping could perchance go more productive than summer cropping.New harvest assortmentsThe familial base is really wide for many harvests, and ergonomics offers new potency for presenting salt tolerance, plague opposition, and general fall apartments in harvest output and shade.Water supply, irrigation, and drainage systemsTechnologies and direction methods exist to increase irrigation talent and cut down jobs of dirt debasement, but in many countries, the economic inducements to cut down uneconomical patterns do non be. Increased precipitation and more intense precipitation will probably intend that some countries will necessitate to increase their usage of drainage systems in order to avoid implosion therapy and water-logging of dirts.Cultivated land patternsA heater clime will speed up the decay of dirt innate affairs by bacteriums and Fungis. Loss of complete affair reduces the cleverness of dirts to hive away H2O and foods indispensable for works growing. Tillage patterns that incorporate harvest residues in the dirts would probably battle this going and better dirt quality.Other direction accommodationsVirtually all constituents of the farming system from seting to reaping and to selling might be special to set to climate alteration.In visible radiation of the in a higher place, the agricultural sector faces assorted challenges. While intensification and diversification of agribusiness is a critical tool to procuring nutritious for local people, in the absence of clear apprehension of their impacts on agribusiness, they can every twat good be debatable. Albeit measures to cut down the usage of fertilisers, to increase organic inputs and to deploy new assortments of harvests are suggested as better agronomic patterns, more lucidity is required sing their impacts on clime.Livestock sector is anyways one of the rule causes of nourishing security due to climate alteration. For illustration, its consequence will be chiefly related to heat emphasis, low nutrition quality, deficit of H2O and cyclonal conditions. The causes of these effects are shown as follows.Temperature additionCan withstand to lower fresh fish productivity in the Lowlandss ( e.g. lower transporting capacity in cervid ranching )Decrease feed intake taking to low productivity ( E.g. low milk output )Lower productiveness in domestic fowl and increase mortality rate high plague and disease incidenceCyclone consequenceIncreased harm to livestock lodgingLoss of animate existencesMore attending to the demands of animate beingsThe Response and Adaptations M easures of Livestock sector may change the environment to minimise the host consequence of climatic alteration. Cooling, blend and lodging are graphic analogies.The hereafter of agribusiness depends on agricultural research and engineering transportation. Since, agricultural bioengineering signifiers portion of research and ripening, it is truly a aggregation of scientific atomic techniques, including familial technology, used to better workss, animate beings and micro-organisms. Throughout history societies fork out been concerned with holding a safe and abundant nutrient supply. Our ascendants prevail learned to better their harvests and farm animal by engendering them to be tougher and supply more nutrient. As a consequence, now more or less of our harvests and farm animate beings expression and gustatory angiotensin converting enzyme are different compared to centuries ago. Today, harvests and farm animal can be change even more exactly through ergonomics. In short, a gricultural biotechnology signifiers portion of the tools for productiveness, quality and green infirmary to fulfill nutrient security. rustic biotechnology is a new subject of biological science incorporating with technical scientific discipline for obtaining maximal benefits to adult male and other signifiers of life. It is the development and usage of new engineerings that have brought a go oning addition in agricultural productiveness, quality and green productiveness in footings of bettering wellness and diminish environmental hazards. An illustration are shown belowThe image below shows the scientific every bit good as the tool of agricultural biotechnology for several utile applications for advancing productiveness Quality and green productiveness.Hence, biotechnology is tool of productiveness, quality and green productiveness in several sectors. such as in wellness attention service Invention and productiveness in wellness attention are being lead by biotechnologyCreatio n of new categories of therapeuticsAntibodiesCloned ProteinsMapping/sequencing the human genomeDeoxyribonucleic acid fingerprintVaccinesInfectious diseasesCancer and chronic diseasesControl of diabetes with Humalina or HomologaPharmacokineticPlant biotech is the survey of works that can be modified to fill near many types of alterations which can be advantageous refering nutrient security to consumers, the nutrient industry, husbandmans and people in the underdeveloped universe.Familial alteration can also lend towards a more sustainable signifier of agribusiness and convey environmental benefits.Tissue civilization is one of the good theoretical accounts of the in a higher place apprehensions that are about the cultivation of works tissues or variety meats on specially formulated alimentary media. Tissue civilization is seen as an of upshot engineering for create states or the production of disease-free, high quality seting stuffs and the production of unvarying workssGeneti cally modified nutrients are made from works or microorganisms that have had led to one or more features changed in changing their cistrons for illustration a works might hold its cistron modified to do it resistant to peculiar works diseases to better its nutrient quality or to assist it turn fasterTherefore, Plant Biotechnology is a chief opening of productiveness, quality and green productiveness. It is a value added to punish nutrient security for the universe population byBettering gustatory principal and visual aspect.Better colour, longer shelf life, more sugar/ amylum etc.Bettering nutritionary qualitiesOil seed with reduced concentrated flump content.Enhancing processing and harvest home ( cheaper faster cleaner )Alteration of tomatoes to go maturation has led to cheaper tomato merchandises.Increasing ability to contend insects, disease and weedsIncreased virus oppositionDecreased pesticide usage herbicide toleranceResistance to drouth or environmental emphasisBenefi ts for parts of the universe where the demand for nutrient is increasing significantly and there is non plenty good cultivable land.Transgenic Organisms is a particular method of biotechnology for increasing positively about productiveness and quality facets where the production of transgenic beings involves the injection of foreign desoxyribonucleic acid into an egg. The egg is so fertilized and placed inside a alternate being which carries the transgenic being to term.Transgenic workss can be produced with works cell civilization. Foreign deoxyribonucleic acid is used to transform disassociated works cells that are so grown in civilization.Green productiveness of biotechnology is termed as green biotechnology under which it enhances environmental protection some illustrations are Cleaning up pollution through Bioremediation The usage of bugs to digest and change over unwanted profligacy stuff into harmless substances Cleaning oil spills utilizing populating beingProduce biomas s for bioenergy intents or to change over biomass to biofuel. Biomass refers to workss or animal-based stuffs such as harvest, harvest residues, trees, fleshly fats, byproducts and wastes obtained from agribusiness, wood and industrial and municipal beginnings.Agro security is at that place most of import undertaking to heighten nutrient security. Like any other sector of agribusiness, the nutrient industry is at hazard from Agro terrorist act and bio-terrorism. Agro terrorist act in the nutrient processing industry refers to the subtile sabotage or taint of a nutrient merchandise during processing, storage or dispersion with the purpose to do physical injury to the individual who eats the nutrient, every bit good as economic injury to the nutrient production sector and to the economic system. Whereas biological terrorism is the calculated release of viruses, bacteriums, or other sources ( agents ) used to do unwellness or decease in people, animate beings, or workss. For this gro und biosafety and biosecurity is biotechnological tool for put into pattern of nutrient security. It has ever been impossible to wholly extinguish all hazards. However, hazards can be managed and minimized in two waysBy implementing programs that deter knowing taint and therefore forestall it andBy observing jobs early in the event that they do occur and holding a system in topographic point to cover with the state of affairs so that indecorous effects are kept to a lower limit.Prevention of agroterrorism in the nutrient industry focuses on the 3P s Plant, Personnel and Procedures. These same rules can be applied to on-farm security every bit good.Security at the works or production installation means constrictive entree. This can be done by a assortment of methods including utilizing fencings, Gatess, security guards, locks, ID badges for employees, security cameras, etc.If the works has a research lab, the research lab moldiness(prenominal) keep the security of any biohazar ds, pathogens and toxins that are present. The works must besides decently shop and utilize any toxic chemicals they may hold such as cleansing supplies and pesticides. Farms must besides take particular attention in keeping the security of toxic chemicals used in production. Secure storage is an of import issue. Farm chemicals in the incorrect custodies can go arms.The 2nd P refers to forces. Food industries shouldCarefully test their employees oversee and proctor employees in their day-to-day work assignmentsProvide and require usage of exposure badges or other signifier of positive designation for their employees strangulate entree to research lab installations, to agents and to computing machine systemsProvide employees developing in nutrient security or nutrient disproof processs superintend unusual behaviour of any employeeHave policies in topographic point sing the wellness of employees and when they can or can non work channelise forces in processs for covering with visit ants and the populace so that entree is limited or prevented.Many of these patterns for the nutrient industry are besides good patterns for the farm, including restricting entree or visitants to the farm.The 3rd P stands for processs. Food industries must be prepared to cover with merchandise meddling and other malicious Acts of the Apostless. They must hold policies and processs in topographic point for covering with visitants. They must be able to follow their merchandises where ingredients or nutrients came from and where they are directing the merchandise by maintaining accurate records and coverage imports. Companies should hold a scheme in topographic point for originating callbacks if necessary. They must hold a process for look intoing fishy activity. Food industries should continually measure their policies and processs to be certain they have the high hat programs possible for guaranting safety and covering with exigencies.In nutrient industries every bit good as in ot her countries of agribusiness, the keys to success for nutrient defence includeSupplying preparation for employees and increasing their consciousness of the importance of nutrient safetyHaving programs in topographic point for exigenciesHave unfastened lines of communicating and coverage within the company andPlaning procedures and systems with agroterrorism hazards in head.To promote nutrient seurity, the get together Nations should do proviso of equal fund through administrations like FAO to construct international pact. International pact is a new, binding international legal document between states that trade with works familial resources for nutrient and agribusiness such as SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre. It scopes internationally agreed model for the aggregation, preservation, generation, regeneration, say picture, rating, and certification on endangered species for sustainable usage by being stored in the cistron bank. Besides, it aims as the carnival and just sharing of benefits derived from their usage, in harmoniousness with the Convention on Biological Diversity, for sustainable agribusiness and nutrient security. As some 10,000 old ages ago, agribusiness began, with the independent Neolithic revolutions around the universe in Centres of beginning for illustration, barley and wheat were domesticated in the Near East, rice in South-East Asia, the murphies in the Andes, millet and sorghum in Africa, and maize in Central America. Nevertheless, due to Agriculture international pact based on Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-sharing, non on exclusivity, they strengthened relationships among states. They have been swapped non merely the cistrons within their harvests but besides carnal contained in their local assortments. Hence, now such harvest and animate being have propagated worldwide for domestication that made better colony of life possible, and human populations grew tremendously, in many topographic points taking to metropoliss , and with metropoliss, civilization. Population denseness led coevals after coevals to travel over the following hill. The above figure shows the development of Treaty s Regulating Body that harvests have spread all over the universe, and overpoweringly Food security towards an dependent universe.Therefore International pact fund acts as a beginning of support for advancing communicating and squad work among universe states. ( Gerald Moore and Witold Tymowshi ( 2005 ) )

Essay on Non-Statutory National Framework for Re Essay

It was in October 2004 that the Department for training and Skills (DFES) and the Qualifications and Curriculum say-so (QCA), jointly published the Non-Sta give instructiony depicted object theoretical account for R.E., which simply applies to R.E. provision in England. The history was produced on the actualizeing that it would be used mainly by Standing Advisory Councils on Religious Education (SACREs) and concur course of rent Conferences (ASCs) within each Local Education Authority (LEA). The document has the remit of providing theme calculatelines for the pedagogics of R.E. It was meant to be used by local concur syllabus conferences for the organic evolution of agree syllabuses for R.E., and by faith communities for the creation of R.E. programmes. Furthermore, the manakin was intended to help prepares to make appropriate colligate between R.E. and other subjects, such(prenominal) as for instance on key concepts like diversity. In this sense the government ap pe ared to be building on their previous efforts to get dressed up a common simulation of curricular aims owing to the particular that the 2000 National Curriculum also contained m both aims for command White (2004). It was hoped that the framework document would help agreed syllabus conferences and schools to envision more efficaciously in the provision of R.E. and towards agreed national standards.In the foreword of the Non-statutory National theoretical account by the indeed Secretary of State for Education and Skills Charles Clarke, the plan of the good mannikin was made explicit. In the first paragraph of the national model Charles Clarke declaredThis non-statutory national modelling has been produced to last those with responsibility for the provision and tint of religious education in maintained schools. It lies at the heart of our policies to forward standards in the learning and teaching of religious education. It sets attainment targets for learning. The manakin because gives local education authorities, Standing Advisory Councils on Religious Education, germane(predicate) authorities with responsibility for schools with a religious character, teachers, schoolchilds, parents, employers and their wider communities a invite and divided perceptiveness of the knowledge and skills that novel people go forth gain at school. It whollyows schools to meet the individual learning needs of pupils and develop a distinctive character and ethos, rooted in their local communities. It also generates a mannikin within which entirely partners in education depose support young people on the road to further learning.This description invents the lading of the architects of the poser to empowering organisations involved in providing R.E. The core agenda is to improve both the pupils learning throw of R.E. and the ability of R.E. teachers to become more adept in their profession. The manakin it is maintained leave al unitary give cl ear guidance to pupils and assorted educational advisory bodies alike on the remit of R.E. in the education of a child. The latter part of the paragraph also implies that the manakin depart have the flexibility to give schools the freedom to meet individualised pupil needs and facilitates discretion for schools that want to ready together schemes of work that reflect the social characteristics of their locality.The opening declaration of the Non statutory National material for R.E. does wide define the boundaries and limitations of the publication. At face value one would expect that the national modelling allow work as a rough guide for educational authorities rather than as a strict grave of consecrate to be abided by under all circumstances. The agenda of the textile is clear but how it will actually succeed in have educational grantrs to improve standards in R.E. is vague. Bearing these factors in mind the foretaste is that at Key Stage three the Framework will provi de a blueprint for teaching R.E., but whether this blueprint will dwell the unspoiled scope of R.E. is an bonk that needs to be closely scrutinised in this investigation.A fine analysis of the Non- statutory National Framework is abandoned by (Watson and Thompson, 2004) in which they contend that the Framework puts the importance rather than the go under of R.E. at the heart of their activity. Their criticism costs that the Framework has when mapping out the aims of R.E. the plan of revealing how R.E. ties in with the wider aims of the political platform as a whole as opposed to suggesting any aims for R.E. as a subject by itself. This is a problem as the aims of R.E. should be able to identify what is to be taught to pupils and why this teaching is essential in the curriculum rather than a approximately useful part of a childs education. This identification of difficulties within the Framework does place doubt on the ability of this publication to be a resource in which R.E. professionals can use as a blueprint to teach R.E. in its entirety. Certainly if the Framework was to provide the full foundations for teaching R.E. at any level it would need to help the tutor of R.E in presenting their justification for the presence of the subject by itself in the curriculum.Without an melodic line that defends a separate place for R.E in a childs education then educational commentators may ask the question why R.E. is non either combined with other subjects such as Sociology, Citizenship, PHSE or indeed dropped from the curriculum altogether. As R.E. is under pressure from individuals and institutions with a secularist agenda, it is exigent that the R.E. fraternity has a resource from central government that acts as a defence against individuals and organisations, who are unsympathetic for the need for pupils to have an education in World religions. Such critics may want to follow the example of the fall in States, where R.E. has been abolished from publ ic sector education. From this perspective, at that placefore, the Non Statutory National Framework does not provide an enough blueprint for teaching R.E.An obvious weakness of the Framework is the fact that as its title describes it is a non statutory Framework. Inevitably then the legal obligationsfor the provision of R.E. is unchanged by this Framework. This factor is a dangerous drawback. If the Framework does not have the remit to impose a legally binding code of practice on the organisations involved in the development of R.E namely SACREs, ASCs, the board of governors within faith schools, current policies on sustenance and R.E. inspections then it is inevitable that the Framework will not reach its aim to raise standards in R.E. The Framework potentially will be neglected by R.E. professionals who dont agree with its terms and the Framework will be an absolute failure. In rove to reach its challenging goal the Framework should have been an obligatory blueprint not a vo luntary one. This factor seems to indicate that the architects of the Framework lacked the determination to enforce changes in R.E. provision. Surely a determined approach to a set of aims would involve producing a legal document to be followed by R.E. professionals rather than anticipate the cooperation of R.E. providers.Another problem that was associated with the introduction of the Framework was identified by Weston (2005) the contribute of the Professional Council for R.E, in the R.E. Today Magazine. Weston noted that the Framework will potentially fail to meet its aims because of the recruitment crisis in R.E. teaching. Indeed the Framework has no proposals on how to address the shortage of R.E. teachers and significantly the professional associations such as SACREs and ASCs will need guidance from R.E. teachers in the implementation of the Framework. On this issue Weston statedMany of our SACREs and their concur Syllabus Conferences will need support and training if they are to make full use of the Framework when evolution their raw syllabuses. Once an Agreed Syllabus is introduced, training must be provided for teachers to ensure that the important dissemination from syllabus to scheme of work to teaching and learning will meet the needs of all pupils in our sacredly diverse society. (Weston 2005)In this education Weston highlights the financial aid that the absence of suitably drug-addicted R.E. teachers, will result in a failure to properly domesticate SACREs and ASCs on the how to effectively produce the new syllabuses, which will bein line with or influenced by the new Framework. A related furbish up is once the SACRE and the ASCs have actually put together their new syllabuses thither will not be enough teachers to be trained in the syllabuses resulting in the fault that schemes of work in schools and the outcomes of teaching and learning will not meet the varying educational needs in R.E. of all children in the education system. Thes e likely problems prove that the Non- Statutory National Framework was designed without considering umteen basic issues. The Framework, therefore, with this evidence of a severe blemish in its planning of outcomes, will fail to provide adequate standards for R.E. professionals to follow when teaching at all Key Stages in the Curriculum.Further pedantic criticism of the Framework document was given by Felderhof (2004) in the ledger of Beliefs and Values in which the author complained that the Framework was too obsessed with the study of other peoples religious traditions. The Framework does indeed place a lot of emphasis on the religious traditions of different communities, which is not a negative feature to most R.E. professionals. However if the Framework is perceived to be biased against Christianity then there is potential for the Framework to be resented and possibly neglected by R.E. professionals who have an agenda to place Christianity at the heart of R.E. provision.In fo cussing on the impingement that the Framework will have on developing a blueprint for teaching R.E. at KS3 specifically and arguing from the perspective of a Beginning Teacher it is clear that the Non- Statutory National Framework for R.E. at KS3 has many strengths. On analysing the statement within the Framework booklet on KS3 R.E. it does have the advantage of creation very concise in expressing the expectations of R.E. at this level. The document has three subheadings. These are Learning about religion, Learning from religion and Breadth of study. The three headings are each accompanied by between 5 to 18 points book binding the things that pupils should be taught under each of the subheadings. This level of detail from personal experience does make the Framework at KS3 very comprehensive and easy to understand for the teacher of R.E. This factor is an actual strength of the Framework and it does illustrate how more than thought and planning has been dedicated into the produc tion of the Framework. From thisperspective the Framework at KS3 does provide adequate guidance for teaching the full content of R.E. at KS3.Furthermore to the Beginning Teacher a genuine strength of the Framework for teaching R.E. at KS3 is the fact that in the Framework handbook on scalawags 28-29 it does illustrate in the margin how some features of the learning objectives can be connected to another subject in the curriculum. The subjects noted for cross curriculum opportunities are ICT, Art and Design, Geography, History, Science, English and Citizenship. As mentioned earlier has been much weigh on how R.E. is relevant to the wider curriculum and to the general education of a child. The Framework handbook does identify how R.E. is part of the wider network of subjects in the curriculum. In this fashion the Framework at KS3 is helpful to the teacher of R.E. in making links between R.E. and the rest of the curriculum. The fact that this was include in the Framework document do es illustrate the fact that a lot of thought and planning has been put into these guidelines so that they would meet the needs of R.E. teachers.The impact of the NonStatutory National Framework has also provided a blueprint for teaching R.E. through its influence in R.E. textbooks. An example of this influence can be found in the look R.E. series of textbooks published by Harcourt Education in 2005. On page 4 of the Think R.E. pupil book 1 the guidance of the Framework on the editing of the text book is clear. Indeed, the textbook states that the Framework has communicate the planning for this series of text books that the four attitudes, which are noted as essential for good learning in R.E. on page 13 of the Framework document (these are 1. self awareness 2. respect for all 3. open-mindedness 4. appreciation and wonder) are all supported by the methods of learning in the text book. In addition the text book points out that the new Framework places much emphasis on allowing pupil s to explore secular ideas such as Humanism and Atheism.Furthermore on page 5 the text book maps out its commitment to the twelve principles of the KS3 Framework strategy from providing a focus on setting clear learning objectives to the use of ICT in R.E., with separate statements for each of the twelve principles, which details how the text book will meet these principles in providing lessonplans for teachers. It is of much credit to the Framework that this code of practice has been recognised by mainstream providers of educational resources. To the teacher of R.E. the success of the Framework in being adoptive by external organisations associated with the teaching of R.E. is one of its strengths, as this will mean that even an R.E. professional who has not read the Framework document, will still feel its influence due to the presence of the Framework doctrines in various R.E. publications used in the classroom.On this evidence it is practicable to say that the blueprint for teac hing the full scope of R.E. at KS3 is adequate because it does encourage wider perspectives to be studied to the extent that Humanism and secularism are included in schemes of work. The Framework even assists the teacher of R.E. in planning lessons at KS3 in terms of considering the learning objectives, expectations, making concepts explicit, structured learning, promoting higher order questioning, thinking skills, assessment, target setting, differentiation, links with Citizenship education, inclusion and opportunities to use ICT resources. Therefore any teacher of R.E. at KS3 should be perceived as ill-informed if they had not considered referring to the Non- Statutory National Framework for guidance for the effective teaching of R.E. at KS3.In conclusion and after evaluating all of the evidence that has focused on the strengths and the drawbacks of the Non Statutory Framework for R.E. at KS3, it does appear that the drawbacks of the Framework have been potential shortcomings and the strengths of the Framework are in practice actual strengths. It is logical to imply that many of the criticisms of the Framework have been theoretical rather than ones, which are based on instances of the actual usage of the Framework in promoting effective R.E. teaching. For example in a paper given by Marilyn Mason who is an Educational military officer for the British Humanist Association (BHA), to an Institute for Public Policy search (IPPR) seminar on Religious Education and the New National Framework, on twentieth January 2004 several doubts were cast on the workability of the new Framework. The document statedMy fear is that the National Framework could simply become the 152nd syllabus, yet another one to be adapted or plundered or, worse, ignored. AndI doubt that a National Framework, however good, could justify REs peculiar and chimerical place in the school curriculum Why should it be autocratic right up to the end of school, though not in colleges? Is there enoug h interesting and relevant content to justify this? Is it really so much more important than literacy, numeracy, or critical thinking? It would be good to see a really dynamic and exciting RE competing on equal terms with the other humanities subjects for students after KS3, though that is beyond the scope of a mere Framework. Mason M (2004) Religious Education could do better?This quotation offers a critical analysis of the Framework, which is not based on how the Framework has worked when it has been implemented. It only discusses a potential drawback. It was assumed that the Framework would be changed or not adopted at all by R.E. professionals from experience and by observing the impact of the Framework on R.E. resources we can safely say that this has not been the case. The statement by the BHA does continue to attack R.E. as a subject in itself and even insinuates that it is given much more importance than literacy, numeracy and critical thinking. This unfounded outburst of c ontempt for R.E. in the school curriculum only reinforces the perception of the BHA as an institution, which is on an anti R.E. crusade. The criticism of the Framework in the passage should therefore be taken with caution as the BHA does not seem interested in how the provision of R.E. in schools can be improved -but rather how the profile of R.E. as a subject can be lowered in the curriculum.On the other hand an example of how the Framework has expressed an actual strength is displayed in the 2007 locally agreed Syllabus for R.E in Havering. Not only does this document state in the introduction on Page 5 that the new syllabus was produced with attention being paid to the terms of the Non- Statutory Framework, but in the KS3 subsection on Pages 27-29 the bread of study at KS3 should entail learning knowledge understanding and skills during the study of a whole World scenery, which includes lesser know religions and secular ideas, which will take account of the schools religious/ n on-religious profile. This framework ties in with the breadth of study declared on page 29 (3 c,d,) of the Non- Statutory National Framework document in which it is stated that during KS3 pupils should be taught theknowledge, skills and understanding of R.E. by looking at a religious community with a significant presence in the locality and concentrating on the secular view of the World where possible. This correlation in the agenda of a locally agreed syllabus and the Framework is irrefutable evidence of the impact that this set of objectives for the procession of R.E. had on R.E. professionals. The ability of the Framework to be adopted by SACREs and ASCs all in spite of the guidelines not being irresponsible is a real strength of the Framework. Given these actual strengths of the Non-Statutory National Framework in suggesting the scope of study at KS3, it is feasible to say in spite of its critics who may have been dubious about the feasibility of Framework before its introduct ion that the Framework is an adequate resource for teaching R.E.BibliographyAgreed syllabus for Havering (2007) Pathways capital of the United Kingdom Borough of Havering Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education.Draycott P (et al ed) (2005) Think R.E. London Harcourt Education.Felderhof M.C. (2004) Journal of Beliefs and Values, Volume 25, Number 2, August 2004 , pp. 241-248(8) London RoutledgeMason, Marilyn, 2004. Religious Education could do better? Available at (accessed sixth December 2007).QCA, ed, 2004. The Non- Statutory Framework for R.E., London QCA Available at (accessed fifth December 2007).Watson B and Thompson P (2007) The effective teaching of Religious Education London LongmanWeston, Deborah, 2004. News from R.E. Today Magazine PCfRE comment on the ground of the Non-Statutory Framework for RE. Available at (accessed 7th December 2007).White J. (2004) Rethinking the school curriculum values, aims and purposes Great Britain Routledge.PASS / FAIL