Women and Welfare Essay - 1335 Words

The Struggle of Women on Welfare nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Women in today’s society face many adversities. In this essay I will discuss fact versus stereotypical perceptions about the various social and economic problems women must face everyday. I grew up on the Upper East Side in Manhattan mostly comprised of wealthy, socialite families. I attended The Convent of Sacred Heart, also one of the top, private, all girl schools in Manhattan. The majority of the students come from very privileged families and are, more often than not, very spoiled and naà ¯ve to the world around them. While I was attending High School, I found it very hard to make friends with some of the students that went to Sacred Heart. I hated the way â€Å"rich kids†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦She got pregnant at the age of 17 and married her high school boyfriend. She went on and on about how difficult it was for her to live anywhere else but there. She said once you are born in the South Bronx there is barely a chance you will e ver leave. She did not get a job because she had to stay home with her children. Her and her husband did not have enough money to get someone to watch over her children and even if she did she would not trust them. She said they lived off the very small paycheck her husband was bringing home and the city was giving her food stamps. Her husband was in a gang and came home very late; most of the time stumbling through the door to their tiny apartment. He was heavily involved in dealing and using drugs and if when she questioned him and pleaded with him to stop, he hit her. She was battered for almost 3 years until she realized her children were in jeopardy. One day, when her husband was out, she packed her things and went to the Aegis Battered Womens Program located in the Bronx. She’s been there for almost a year now. She described her decision as the smartest and scariest thing she’d ever done for herself and her kids but everyday she fears her husband will find her. W omen like this, amaze me. I’ve read many books and seen many movies about women who are too scared to leave their husbands. Even though they are being battered, they stay because they convince themselves that their man truly loves them.Show MoreRelatedWomen Welfare1704 Words   |  7 PagesWomen and Welfare Women are beginning to face several problems in todays time. Ranging from being treated as only sex symbols to having to live the stereotype of you have to be skinny to be beautiful, the last thing women need is another rising problem. Unfortunately for women and even society though, one exists. Several factors in the American society are to blame for the positive correlation between women and welfare, and if nothing is done about it, it will soon become a problem that needsRead MoreWomen in the Mixed Economy of Welfare Essay1335 Words   |  6 PagesThe mixed economy of welfare has heavily impacted the life of women in Aotearoa New Zealand from the 1800s to the 21st century. The role of women has radically changed as New Zealand has gone through political and cultural reform. The state, the voluntary sector and the marketplace has had to accommodate for new needs of women and has given, in some cases, a better chance for equality between men and women. Significant changes in po licy have been caused due to women gaining monetary independenceRead MoreFlat Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform Essay examples1127 Words   |  5 PagesBroke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform by Sharon Hays. 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She benefitsRead MoreGendered Gender Institution Of Order907 Words   |  4 Pagesthat structure social institutions-work different expectations and opportunities for men and women Over the decades the workplace has evolved in terms of more jobs and more women working, but it is gendered because of sexual harassment, sexual discrimination, and social constructs. The gendered workplace means gender difference structures men and woman’s social institution. The â€Å"traditional family† depicts women are supposed do care work and men are supposed to be the breadwinners. How the gendered workplaceRead MoreEssay on The Welfare Reform Law1058 Words   |  5 PagesSince the Welfare reform law was introduced in 1996 it has impacted American society greatly. The new welfare policy, named the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF), replaced the Aid to Family and Dependent Children (AFDC) program; they have five known differences that only affect the ones who need the assistance. Critics argue that the TANF has negatively impacted the society while some argue that it has not. Linda Burnham, author of â€Å"Welfare Reform, Family Hardship Woman of Color,†Read MoreEducation and Welfare1463 Words   |  6 PagesSo why is it that the collectors of welfare and public aid are statistically the ones with the least amount of education? Within this paper I plan to address this issue and those that contribute to education, or la ck there of, for welfare recipients. I feel this issue has a great deal to do with race, gender and lack of equality in all aspects of public policy. Let us start at the beginning. Most women on welfare were raised in homes that collected welfare. This is the first major issue. UnfortunatelyRead MoreRole of Government in Social Welfare1477 Words   |  6 PagesROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN SOCIAL WELFARE A Government consists of group of people who govern a state. The proper governing of state plays a very important role in the development of a country. The government should take all necessary steps for the betterment of the country and its people. A democratic country is for the people, by the people and to the people. Therefore government of any country should act wisely for the development of the community. Social welfare is a policy in which the well beingRead MoreThe Welfare Policies And Welfare Programs1232 Words   |  5 Pagesfor welfare and for what amount of time, though federal funds can only be provided for five years of benefits over the lifetime of the recipient. Women currently have very few options when it comes to working and caring for their children. The next section of this paper will discuss the welfare policies aimed at alleviating the struggle of women to care provide for themselves and their children. Welfare Programs and Eligibility There are several welfare programs that are available to women in needRead MoreEssay about The Status of Single Mothers1651 Words   |  7 PagesThere is a stigma associated with women that are supported by government aid, especially single mothers. The women on welfare are often treated poorly because people think they are ‘working the system’. Tax payers feel as if the single mothers on welfare perpetuated their own poverty by having children that they cannot support, just for a bigger welfare check. They often assume that these women do not work and just live off government handouts. I know of mothers that fit this stereotype; adults

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Nietzsche and Gandhi, Society - 1414 Words

Friedrich Nietzsche and Mahatma Gandhi, two mammoth political figures of their time, attack the current trend of society. Their individual philosophies and concepts suggest a fundamental problem: if civilization is so diseased, can we overcome this state of society and the sickness that plagues the minds of the masses in order to advance? Gandhi and Nietzsche attain to answer the same proposition of sickness within civilization, and although the topic of unrest among both may be dissimilar, they have parallel means of finding a cure to such an illness as the one that plagues society. Nietzsche’s vision of spiritual health correlates directly with Gandhi’s image of industrialism and the self-sufficiency. This correlation prevails by†¦show more content†¦This situation exemplifies everything that Gandhi was attempting to convey about the over indulgence of man as aided by doctors. Because of the doctoral profession, Nietzsche states, â€Å"my body†¦ fe lt more at ease; but my mind became weakened† (Nietzsche 33). By weakening the minds of the public, doctors are directly contributing to the sickness of civilization. Nietzsche reveals slave and master morality as a paramount concept, conveying the power of the wealthy and prominent over the poor and downtrodden. Nietzsche states that â€Å"In order to exist, slave morality always first needs a hostile external world; it needs†¦ external stimuli in order to act at all- its action is fundamentally reaction† (Nietzsche 37). The weak, passive, cowardly, and sick are reacting to the overbearing nature of the nobility. The lower, sickened class is insecure and unable to act because they know that they are weak. They have the fundamental drive in the universe, the will to power, yet they are unable to act, rather they can merely react to the harsh and unjust situations that external world is placing on them. They harbor a ressentiment towards the elite The cure of such a sickness in civilization would not come easily. Nietzsche’s treatment would be to capitalize on the will to power. Every person is driven by a force to overcome their oppression, and find the â€Å"happiness in â€Å"slight superiority,† involvedShow MoreRelatedNietzsche versus Gandhi Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesFriedrich Nietzsche and Mahatma Gandhi, two mammoth political figures of their time, attack the current trend of society. Their individual philosophies and concepts suggest a fundamental problem: if civilization is so diseased, can we overcome this state of society and the sickness that plagues the minds of the masses in order to advance? Gandhi and Nietzsche attain to answer the same proposition of sickness within civilization, and although the topic of unrest among both may be dissimilar, theyRead MoreGodards Breathless Essay Questions1553 Words   |  7 PagesVanishree Gandhi Godard’s Breathless 4. In a world where there are no ultimate reasons for action, how does Michel find freedom to act and to live creatively? Why does Patricia, who shares Michel’s nihilistic world-view, draw the opposite conclusion from it? Why is she only capable of negative freedom expressed as independence in the course of the film? In the movie Breathless, written and produced by Jean-Luc Godard, is a French film about a thief named Michel Poiccard, who spends his time in ParisRead MoreSimpsons and Philosophy1886 Words   |  8 PagesSimpsons and Philosophy In the chapter Thus Spake Bart: On Nietzsche and the Virtues of Being Bad, Mark T. Conard shows us why people believe Bart Simpson is similar to a philosophical theorist named Friedrich Nietzsche. Bart being the bad boy of the Simpsons and Nietzsche being the bad boy of Philosophy. Conard says that Bart does not take on the chaos like Nietzsche says but he is just an empty being of bad actions. This argument is ridiculous; Bart Simpson is as creative as creative getsRead MoreThe Western Forecast Of The Post World War1408 Words   |  6 Pagesdown south, Mahatma Gandhi and his followers stand adamantly in a show of nonviolent resistance. Regardless of their approach, both Mao and Gandhi were freedom fighters whose anti-imperialist attitudes were shaped by western thinkers and approaches to revolution were somewhat governed by their surrounding environment. Mao was influenced namely by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, but Chinese political climate at the time mainly made him take a sym pathetic revolutionary approach. Gandhi was impacted namelyRead MoreWhat Does Ethics Mean? Essay824 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup had several different answers: â€Å"Ethics has to do with my religious beliefs.† â€Å"Ethics has to do with what my feelings tell me is right or wrong.† â€Å"Being ethical is doing what the law requires.† â€Å"Ethics consist of the standards of behavior our society accepts.† â€Å"I don’t know what the word means.† The answers of the test group may be representative of how most Americans would respond to this question on ethics. The truth is, most people in general don’t understand ethics, or their view is limitedRead MoreGandhi : An Indian Philosopher1981 Words   |  8 PagesMohandas Karamchand Gandhi, otherwise known as â€Å"Mahatma,† meaning â€Å"great soul,† is an Indian philosopher, teacher, author, vegetarian, simple-living advocate, and the creator of the effective method of protest, â€Å"Civil Disobedience.† He helped contribute to the liberation of India from the British government, as well as aid the countless lives of others by teaching them to live in harmony, despite religious differences. Known in India as Bapu, translating to â€Å"Father of India,† Gandhi also helped in alleviatingRead MoreThe Health Benefits Of Vegetarian Diet1295 Words   |  6 Pagesbenefit human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet (Albert Einstein)†.The vegetarian diet has been proposed by many, from philosophers like Plato and Nietzsche to political leaders such as Benjamin Franklin and Gandhi, and modern idols like Paul McCartney and Bob Marley. Science also supports the vegetarian diet, there are many studies demonstrating its health benefits. Being vegetarian means not eating any animal products, includingRead MoreIs Power Central to Understanding Politics?2270 Words   |  10 Pagesproblem of power† 1. This view was confirmed by William A. Robson 2 who suggested: â€Å"It is with the power in society that political science is primarily concerned- its nature, basis, processes, scope and results’ The significance of power in political phenomenon can be traced in the works of traditional thinkers like Aristotle (427-322 BC), Machiavelli (1469-1679), Hobbes (1588-1679) and Nietzsche (1844-1900) as well as modern writers like Max Webber, Lasswell, A. Kaplan , Hans Morgenthau, Michel FoucaultRead MoreThe Classic Greek Discourse On Leadership Essay1948 Words   |  8 Pages(Carlyle, 1993). The popular notion being that in times of distress somewhere out of magic a leader would emerge to guide people into safety and success. The mythology behind the some of the world’s finest leaders like Abraham Lincoln, Churchill, Mahatma Gandhi, Alexander the great, contributed to the opinion of good breeding and leaders being born and not made (Carlyle, 1993). This theory was propounded by Thomas Carlyle and dealt primarily with men; great women have not been addressed in the context ofRead MoreDiscipline And Punish By Nietzsche, Structuralism And Foucault s Political Activism Essay1933 Words   |  8 Pagesprison, the book is in many ways an attempt to give a theoretical grounding to what Foucault had seen, to explain the conditions and structures of the places he visited in terms of the operation of power in society. Three influences are pa rticularly important in Discipline and Punish: Nietzsche, structuralism and Foucault s political activism. None entirely explain his project, however. There has been a shift in types of punishment for criminals. Once these tended to focus on torture are dismemberment

Working Capital Management Essay Example

Essays on Working Capital Management Essay The paper "Working Capital Management" is an excellent example of an essay on finance and accounting. The working capital can be defined as the difference that exists between your current assets and current liabilities (Bhattacharya, 2009). Positive working capital is vital for every organization to realize growth and pay off its debts. Most healthcare organizations that are run by the government are fully funded and do not face many problems in managing their working capital. For for-profit healthcare organizations, the management of working capital is mandatory. Such organizations must ensure that at all times they have positive working capital in order to take care of the expenses that are involved in the running of such facilities. Management of private health facilities can be challenging if no proper financial security is put in place. In most healthcare environments today, assets such as inventories, cash, and receivables must properly be managed to ensure that operational exc ellence and cost reduction are achieved. Managers at all levels are involved at some point in the working capital management.There are several challenges that face most healthcare facilities in terms of management of the working capital i.e. releasing money from the working capital to reduce the levels of debts. For most organizations, debt is inevitable and plays a crucial role in terms of development. Paying off debts has been a significant challenge for healthcare organizations with most resorting to using their working capital to pay off debts.Another challenge is the efficient utilization of working capital. Researches have shown that even though most healthcare facilities have positive working capital, its utilization has been a major concern. There have been cases where some funds are not fully accounted for or are not fully used in the intended projects.In the case of a military healthcare facility, the government funds everything and cases of having debts will not arise. Th e military facilities operate at their full capacities without any challenges that are seen in the private healthcare facilities. They are not taxed and are exempted from most of the services they offer. This makes it very different from other facilities offering similar services.In dealing with the challenges, critical decisions have to be made at the management level that involves key players to work on improving the working capital and cutting down on debts (Bhattacharya, 2009). This will ensure good returns for the organization, hence good working capital. The generation of more funds from other avenues will also be great since this is aimed at improving the working capital. The organization should consider partnering with other firms in order to cut down on its spending while improving on the working capital.Revenue cycle management means taking measures to ensure that the employees are timely paid for what they do (Bhattacharya, 2009). It involves the process from the time a p atient calls for an appointment and the secretary takes all the details of the patient, including phone numbers. The revenue cycle helps in monitoring the financial stability of the organization and other factors that enable the organization to run smoothly. It also informs the executives in case of any changes in the cash flow so that an action may be taken in a timely manner to avoid any interruptions in service delivery.Cash budgeting is one way of improving working capital. It requires the evaluation of the requirements of cash by doing estimation on the receipts and payments. This tool is important because it helps in keeping the optimum level of capital in the organization’s business.

Describe factors to consider for effective communication Free Essays

string(100) " seen as poor and intimidating \(Dixon, 2008\) and are more likely to commit crimes \(Ford, 1997\)\." Describe factors to consider for effective communication our site – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING – DISSERTATION EXAMPLES Introduction When it comes to communication, the problem of perception takes the central stage. Varner and Beamer (2010, p. 35) defines communication as â€Å"the perception of verbal and nonverbal behaviour and the assignment of meaning to them. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe factors to consider for effective communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now † They considered perception so important that as long as the perception process takes place, communication occurs. Covey (1992) also emphasised the significance of perception by attributing perception problems as one of the root causes of communication problems. Differences in perceiving the world would inevitably lead to communication barriers because people communicate on the basis of their own perceptions and perception determines how people behave toward the world (Singer, 1998). Therefore, great stress has been put on the role of perception in interpersonal communication that Singer (p. 10) even proposed in communication â€Å"reality  ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ · is less important than one’s perception of reality†. To discuss the crucial role of perception in communication, this essay first examines the relationship between reality and perception of reality, followed by a discussion on how perception affects communication in the stages involved. Finally, the role of three t ypes of factors in perception – physical, environmental and learned factors, will be examined. Reality vs. perception of reality Effective communication is hindered when communicators have different understandings of reality. Cognitive theorists are convinced that reality is more about the things in here – in the mind, ratherthan the actual things out there (Singer, 1998). Perception, an active process by which people become aware of the world, is the window through which we experience the world .To illustrate the relationship between the two, Singer makes an analogy between the human perception process and a class assignment, both comparing and contrasting what enters and exits the mind (p. 187). Since it is impossible for a person to either experience everything in the world or have exactly the same life story as another person, no one will have absolutely right perception about the world or exactly the same perception as others’. The fact that family members of twins can often easily tell one from the other explains that even twins do not have identical experiences and perceptions. The formation of divergent perceptions As Roger asserts, nothing, neither the Bible nor Freud, is more reliable than personal experience in the perception process (as cited in Griffin, 2006, p.32) . This supports Stacks, Hickson and Hill’s (1991, p. 4) suggestion that â€Å"Communication brings us together and perceptions tend to separate us.† Clearly, the impact of divergent perceptions in interpersonal communication has gain great attention of communicators. To reduce the difficulties in communication, it is necessary to understand how the divergent perceptions are formed in the first place. Perception is a series of procedures that blend into one another. To conveniently discuss the these procedures, perception is generally divided into three stages: selection/stimulation, organization, and interpretation/ evaluation (Lane, 2010; Kelly, 2006; Dwyer, 2009). The first stage is selection, in which the world comes to us through our sensory receptors. Naturally you cannot perceive everything; rather you engage in selective perception, where you pick up some stimulation over others. Two types of stimuli are considered more likely to draw our attention: meaningful ones and noticeable ones (Devito, 2009). Things meaningful or noticeable to one person do not often mean the same to another person. Therefore, during this stage, people of different backgrounds often receive different messages from the same world. For example, when a couple attend a concert, the husband, a musician, tends to focus on the musical part while the wife, a fashion designer, pays more attention on the costume and stage design. Suppose the design of the concert is excellent but the singer is off key from time to time. It is very likely that the couple end up having different comments on the concert. In this way, differences occur in the very first stage of perception proc ess. In the next stage – organization stage, the stimuli that come into our brain will have to pass through â€Å"the filters of our censor screens† where they are rearranged and decoded in some ways we are used to or we learn to (Singer, 1998. p. 11) These ways of organizing data become the shortcuts that enable us to make connections between new information and previously gained knowledge, and thus simplify our understanding and remembering of new people and events. However, these shortcuts can be misleading if you rely on them too much. You may either add additional data which are consistent with your way of organizing or ignore those which is inconsistent, in order to make the new experience organisable. As the constructivists identifies, we often â€Å"fit over realities to bring order to our perceptions† (Griffin, 2006, p. 191). As a result, perceptual variations occur because we gain our perception not in the way it should be, but in a way every individual need s it to be. Having discussed the first two stages, we will now have a look at the third stage – interpretation/evaluation, in which we make sense out of the organised stimuli and find out the value of them. As Kelly (2006) suggests, we never have all the facts, and our interpretation and evaluation are largely dependent on the past knowledge and our own value systems. When personal experience and values are involved, differences are bound to occur. In other words, we get used to seeing some stimuli in a certain way that we don’t take others into account (Lane, 2010, p.41). A good example of this would be stereotyping. When people stereotype others, they put people into categories and assert all people in the category share the same characteristics. The consequence is that barriers in communication often occur on the basis of false perceptions of others because great deal of individual differences are not taken into consideration (Lustig, 2010). The results of two studies of stereot ypical perception of African Americans show that African Americans are estimated to earn less than they actually do, are seen as poor and intimidating (Dixon, 2008) and are more likely to commit crimes (Ford, 1997). You read "Describe factors to consider for effective communication" in category "Essay examples" Many of stereotypes are created by direct experience with only a few members of a certain group. Others may even come from second-hand materials such as mass media without any direct experience. Yet many of us still use stereotypes to make assumptions and interpretations. This is very likely to cause communication gaps between people who perceive and expect others in their own understandings. Interrelationship of the stages Above is an analysis of how perceptual differences come into being in each of the stages. However, it is helpful to clarify, though listed in such a way, the three stages do not occur one by one. Rather, these stages often take place almost simultaneously (Lane, 2010, p. 36) and there is no way one can draw a dividing line between any of them. In addition, we should not see any stage as the start or the finish of a perception process (Russel, cited in Kelly, 2006, p. 36). It is common for people to think of these stages as a linear sequence, from gathering data to organizing the data and finally attaching some meanings to them. However, this process does not end at the interpretation stage because the result of interpretation/evaluation would affect your future sensing/selecting behaviour. In this case, some other ways of breaking down perception process would help make the point clearer. Initial three stages remaining the same, DeVito (2009, p. 64) believed two other steps take plac e afterwards: memory and recall. These two steps can lead to people’s perceptual inaccuracy in a way that people may lose or unable to recall some information. Even worse is retrieving the wrong message. Griffin (2006, p. 189) add a utilizing stage to emphasise the effect of memorized and recalled data on future communication behaviour. His suggestion of comparing the stages to the five interconnected Polemic Rings is extremely helpful in explaining the relationships of these stages of perception process (p. 187). Seeing the fact that the stages are actually interrelated and never come to an end, we can better know how we make mistakes when we think we see every aspect of an issue and make a right judgement. The truth is that previous interpretation has already had an effect on the selecting process, and we only pick up those data we want to, which further influence our organizing and evaluating process. For example: A person who experienced a destructive earthquake may notice a noise from the ground seconds before the shaking (Sensing stage). He then established a connection between the two: â€Å"A noise often comes before a big earthquake† and considered it a way to make predictions of future earthquakes (Organizing and interpreting). This interpretation inserts an influence on his future processing of information in the way that he may become very sensitive to similar sounds and more likely to link some other unusual phenomenon to an earthquake. From above we can see that differences take place in almost every step we take when perceiving the world. Just like what Ribbins and colleagues words said, the factors which â€Å"shape and sometimes distort perception can reside in the perceiver, in the object or target being perceived or in the context of the situation in which the perception occurs† (as cited in Dwyer, 2009, p. 14). These stages are like a giant filter, every information in the external world have to pass through the filter which is made of your own experience, beliefs and value systems (Bjorseth, n.d.). Again, similar to the analogy of class assignment described in the beginning of this essay, what exits your mind differentiate from what comes to your mind because your uniquely designed filter has performed its job. Nature of factors that affect perception Having identified how the factors impact on the perception process in each stage, the essay now focuses on the nature of the factors that affect perceptions. Singer (1998) has suggested three categories of them: physical determinants, environmental determinants and learned determinants. Physical determinant are commonly understood as our five sensory receptors recognized by Aristotle. Interestingly, Singer’s later research has revealed at least thirty-seven differentiate sensory inputs and even more are expected to be discovered (Singer, 1998, p.14). Apart from these, other physical differences such as body shape, skin colour, hand size that make us unique in the world can contribute to differences in perception. Just like every the uniqueness of individual’s physical characteristics, everything happens in a unique context. The unique surroundings of an event can be very powerful in forming different perceptions. For example, the result of judging whether a person is yo ung or old will probably be influenced by which age group he is compared with. The third type of determinants, learned determinants, is seen as the most important. How people acquire their perceptual constructs has been thoroughly studied. The result of an experiment on people who are born blind but later restored with their sight shows that without the visual experiences, these people cannot tell a figure or discriminate simple shapes until several months’ visual learning (â€Å"Perception – Innate and learned†, n.d.). This reveals that learning experience is necessary and powerful in shaping and changing people’s perception. Similarly, in Varner and Beamer’s (2010) perception model of choices, they explain that when you encounter something unfamiliar, you either choose not to attend to it or lose memory of it until you learn how to change your mental category to accommodate it. Singer (1998, p. 19-27) also devised an exercise to test how perceptions of the same stimuli differ in different cultures. The exercise finds out tha t perception is greatly influenced by culture, a combination of learned activities. The more specific the symbol is, the more the interpretations are alike. The more abstract the symbol is, the more various meanings are attached to it. With such findings, it is not difficult to understand that communicators from different cultures would undoubtedly meet difficulties with the different views they hold on the same thing. From the discussions above, we have seen that misperceptions can arise when we collect information, organise it in different ways, and assign different meanings to it. In addition, differences of perceptions are determined by various factors, especially learned ones. Communications based on divergent perceptions will inevitably meet difficulties. To make communication of higher level of effectiveness, it is a good start for communicators to bear in mind the powerful influence of different perceptions on communication process, to learn the culture of other groups and to make your perceptions closer to each other. References Bjorseth, L. D. (n.d.). Improve your communication skills by â€Å"cleaning your filter†. Retrieved March 21, 2011 from: http://www.sideroad.com/Business_Communication/improve-communication-skill.html. Devito, J. A. (2009). The interpersonal communication book (12th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. Dixon, T. L. (2008). Network news and racial beliefs: Exploring the connection between national television news exposure and stereotypical perceptions of African Americans. Journal of communication, 58, 321-337. Dwyer, J. (2009). Communication in business: Strategy and skills (4th ed.). Australia: Pearson Education Australia Ford, T. E. (1997). Effects of stereotypical television portrays of African-American on person perception. Social Psychology Quarterly, 60(3), 266-275. Griffin, E. (2006). A first look at communication theory (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Kelly, M. S. (2006). Communication at work: Ethical, effective, and expressive communication in workplace. London: Pearson Education Inc. Lane, S. D. (2010). Interpersonal communication: competence and contexts (2nd ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. Lustig, M. W. Koester, J. (2010). Intercultural competence: Interpersonal communication across cultures (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. Perception – Innate and learned. Retrieved March 23, 2011 from: http://science.jrank.org/pages/5093/Perception-Innate-learned.html Singer, M. R. (1998). Perception and identity in intercultural communication. Maine: Intercultural Press, Inc. Varner, I., Beamer, L. (2010). Intercultural communication in the global workplace (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill http://www.sideroad.com/Business_Communication/improve-communication-skill.html How to cite Describe factors to consider for effective communication, Essay examples

No Waste free essay sample

I watched the ground retreat as our airplane leaped from the earth, quickly climbing into the sky. I chewed my lip, looking down at the doll-sized houses and a living map of my world. I’m not going to lie. I was scared. We leveled out about ten minutes later, ending our steep ascent into thinner air. Alex checked her equipment in front of me, bumping my leg as she moved. Steve adjusted his helmet and gloves to my left, as Danny pointed out Mt. Hood on my right. I nodded I couldn’t speak. The captain shouted, â€Å"All clear,† and the guy closest to the door whipped it open. I quickly swallowed my first taste of oxygen at 14,000 feet, and felt my heart skip a beat. Everyone was busy with something: checking gear, bonking hands in good luck shakes, and winking at me as I nervously played with the zipper on my bright blue jumpsuit. We will write a custom essay sample on No Waste or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"It’s going to be great,† they said reassuringly, â€Å"you’ll love it!† Alex jumped, then Steve. I crawled closer and closer to the door, a door that led out to 14,000 feet of clear air, of nothingness until the reality of Earth. I felt afraid. I thought of everything at once but at the same time, my mind was clear. Danny gave me the thumbs up and yelled over the engine â€Å"Are you ready to fly?† I would never have done it a few years ago. Before my very best friend moved 3,000 miles away. Before Casey was diagnosed with cancer at the sweet, sweet age of sixteen. Before I watched a friend beat an addiction no one ever thought he’d break. Before everything that has made me into the human being I am today. I never noticed that life has an end. I never saw that we won’t be here forever. I could never see that good times won’t always be good, and that bad times won’t always be bad either. But then I watched a human heart beat on an operating table, three feet from my own. I had to stop a friend from taking her life. I saw a community come together after the best bassist I know became a quadriplegic. I traveled to Hong Kong and discovered a new world. I broke when my friend Cason was killed in an accident that no one saw coming. And so I learned. The poignancy of life. That the finish line could be right around the corner, and that the glory comes from how you run your race. I learned that it is a beautiful thing to wake up in the morning, to be alive. To dance. To cry on a friend’s shoulder. Just to be. And so I jumped. I flung myself out of the airplane and into the sky, jumping into oblivion, the unknown, life. I fell, but I soared and I flew. I was free somehow, falling through space and time back to the Earth. I arched my body and thrust my hips, spreading my arms to either horizon. I looked and I saw. I found hope and grace and love as I gasped for air. Life hit me in the face. It whistled in my nose and made me squint my eyes as I zoomed in closer and closer. I felt every emotion in the same exact instant and dissolved into the atmosphere, freefalling, freefalling, freefalling. This, this intense, immediate rush of adrenaline and emotion and life gave me strength and hope and immense gratitude for being alive. For everything and everyone who has entered my life and made an impact on me. For living. For physical safety. Those seconds on that chilly day in October are my life. I live in the here and now because that is where we are. The only guarantee is the seconds that exist in the present. I take each day and make something beautiful out of it because I know that there’s no time to waste. There’s no time to waste.

Operation Management

Question: Identify and define a problem or opportunity, gather data, analyse the data, investigate options and propose a solution to the problem or propose how the opportunity may be realised. The group is also required to plan the implementation of the initiative. The project is not about a general description of the operations management of the organisation. Answer: Another matter with stock running is the quantity of routine asked for by IGA to supply and to put on brackets. If all else fails, the measure of standard is so considerable that they consume to put the practice on the standard that will be complete in few days or months (Bernard, 1999). Obviously, in the midst of top diurnal and times, the frames of IGAs can be understood hunk Moreover, they have to give a reduction on those clothes that purchaser keep up a key allotment from to purchase as an ensuing repercussion of their extraordinary incidentals. Introduction IGA is more than an essential banner it's more than private engraving stock on the rack. The IGA Brand is remarkably made for the free who needs to get to the security the legacy also, the affiliations and relationship of a brand trusted locally over the United States for more than eight decades years. To be honest, the IGA Brand now associates far and wide to Australia, South America, Russia, Europe, Korea, Caribbean, China, and way beyond. IGAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©largest relationship of free and standard foremost need retailers in the United States and around the globe. With the backing of Alliance individuals like driving IGA wholesalers and smart moving client stock affiliations known as IGA Red Oval Partners. IGAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©Storesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©haveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©a unblemished lead the IGA clarification behind slant is a provenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©strategy proposed to take the estimation of your business to the join level by rede signing your made neighborhood character (van Gelder 39-48). The eighty years of legacy behind the IGA trademark sets with professionallyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ designed errands to help independents level à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©field à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ©ofà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ © playà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ © in today's excellent retail environment Company Overview IGA or Self-governing Grocers of Australia is an undertaking of shops in Australia. IGA themself is stated by Metcash, however particular IGA stores are uninhibitedly had. It is an area variety of all-inclusive Americans Self-governing Grocers Organization. Its crucial opponents are IGAs, Aldi, and Food works, Coles and previously BI-LO. IGA has additional around five thousand outlets in 30 countries around the globe. IGA remained accepted on to Australia in 1988 by David's Holdings while ten outlets had the chance to be individuals commencing from IGA. In Australia there are overall 1400 stores. Adding to these there are 3 IGA commercial organizes in Western region of Australia which are IGA, Progressive Supa and Supa IGA. In the year 2005 Metcash got enlisted in the Foodland Associated. As a remarkable portion of this acquisitions the independent arrangement of Supa Value Supermarkets, Dewsons Express and co. and Action, which got their supplies from FAL transformed their actions t o IGA while having the same free possession (SCHULZ. 105-116, 2009). A social affair of eleven Action superstores that had remained functioned by FAL was vended to a grouping and these shops now commenced as Advanced Supa IGA. Metcash presently embraces a degree keenness for these outlets. The sprawling remains of the Action Superstores were vended to liberated chief supervisors who run their business under the name of Supa IGA. The head office of IGA is still located at 218 Banister Road, Western Australia. Business process To enhance ability and earn respect in the trade, Davids started mechanical redesigns in their retail come wholesale functioning, acclimating distinctive headways with Australia: point of interaction through electronic information for retailer requesting; case marks; retail leave names; scanners and assorted structures took after reliably (Valiris and Glykas 445-480). Today Metcash proceeds with the agreements by its facilitator; and is perceived as an innovator accessible for practice; warehousing inclination and a forerunner in advancement agenda and operative logistics. In late 1980s the over-all merchandizing stock of IGA was accustomed with Australia. IGA has persisted a forerunner selling barrage for self-governing stores and is a unique type of association's most famous trademarks. On 4th of September 2000 The Metcash Trading renamed to Davids (Veljanovski). The designation sees the crucial share of South African which has Metro Cash and Carry as a superior stakeholder from ye ar 2000 to 2004in the significant sequence of the association. In the later part of 2005 Metcash made a significant progress all past FAL outlets under Dewson, SupaValu and Action outlets that come across IGA basics were taken under the brand of IGA. In early part of 2010 Metcash added 50.1% of Miter 10, the thumping apparatus trade with more than 350 actively certified Miter 10 outlets and additional 450 non-named autonomous patrons. Miter 10 amalgamated the Metcash agreement with a 50 years past of supportive free home-based alteration and equipment venders, who are a dominant portion of quarter social events from place to place in Australia. The epicenter for Miter 10 is to make era framework enhancements and gather a solid stock and propelling model (Bird 265, 2011). Participation, Conversion and Production The main transformation to enrich the relationship management between customers by IGA was implementing SAP. For buying products of known brands IGA was making it cheap as well as easily available source for the customers and at a reasonable price. Development of module for the promotion management was related to the last stage of the project. For indulging promotional offers the organization started giving training (Mohammad 4-8, 2015) s. Currently, on food, petrol and liquor business of the company is getting promotional application. This sector solely provides 90% incomes of the assembly. Figure 1: Existing Processes Approach of IGA Recently IGA is considered as an organization have various superstore in the country. To provide customers products that are fresh and having good quality is the sole strategy of the company. As IGA is known one of the best grocery retail chain in the country; hence the company emphasizes on further investment for opening various outlets and stores and also increasing the quality of services which will be provided to the customers. The organization digs out its income to make better processes ("Special Issue Of Production And Operations Management : Retail Operations" 127-127). The stock availability as well as the service to the customers both are improved equally. The figure showed below states the strategy which the organization is maintaining currently to improve its system and also enhancing quality in the companys supply chain. Figure 2: Porters Generic Strategy A business is affected by five forces according to porter. These five forces include buyers, suppliers, competitors, new entrants, and substitute products. All these forces were always taken seriously by IGA and were given importance as well. The reason behind the activity of the company about emphasizing on innovation for providing best customer service quality at a reasonable rate (Mckeown, 2012). The organization has always judged the outside environment which might affect its income. The organization plans its strategies in respect to the Generic strategies of Porters. Porters generic strategy has four different kinds. Cost leadership strategy which states supplying customers the cheapest products. The organization meet this strategy by lowering its charges and by enhancing the relation along with the suppliers for developing a mechanism of smooth supply chain (Schneible Jr.). The next strategy is focus strategy; the companys main focus are the customers always. IGA have always tried to give their best effort in servicing the customers at a very reasonable rate. The other two are associated to differentiation strategies. To provide services to the customers the organization follows differentiation strategy. Providing differentiated and innovative services to its customer has always been the main focus of the company. Though the organization has got accustomed to the differen t strategies but still it is dependent on the products and services it offers to the customers. A concise summary of the strategies taken by IGA is given in the figure below: Figure 3: IGAs Present Account Administration Scheme To enhance the system of rolling is the most important purpose of such activity. It facilitates IGA in deciding perfect ordering list and lowering the account points to decrease charge and deliver renewed yields. IGAs account administration scheme is shown below: Figure 4: Inventory management issues IGA was considered as a best retailer of the country a few years ago. The sales of the organization declined all of a sudden and increase in cost. The company dropped their charge by downscaling, but remained that a charge decrease or convertible of consumption (Muller, 2003). If the case is regarding the reduction of cost then its useless as the organization have to fix all the problems. Whereas, if its regarding charge decrease it could comprise that charge which may be essential for successively the trade. They familiarized the tenure of slender marketing as an explanation. This development strength be respectable but it workings mostly in industrial sector rather than transaction. This tenure only earnings best management, which has no influence to cure the significances of substituting the perception of the consumers. The suggestions of the affiliation to declining the charge by two thousand dollars at each professional part store saw reducing just which may affect the system fo r affiliations and the morals of the bosses ("Inventory Management" e295-e363). Along these lines, the racks were depleted which were by then filled by the staff. This, as time goes on, weakened the cash flawless circumstances of the connection. Thusly, it was exhibited that the procedure was confused. The theories of the affiliation were not in the right heading. The inspiration driving meeting of the management was transient unwittingly to the insufficiency of the whole game plan. The quality management Guru Edwards Deming prescribed that replicating invited change and the affiliation needs good 'old fashioned changes, especially in the organization together. They require another hallucination of the occupational rather than merely varying to equipment. Client associations issues At that point close stock organization issue, complexities of the customers developed. Issue of the customers on a to an incredible degree essential level focus on extended regarding, poor customer affiliations, pounded vegetables and meat, and getting together of consistently understood brands. The union used to control stock wrongly (Pinhanez 3-13, 2009). The key issue in restocking was the nonappearance of staff. The key issue and issue are that IGAs was always offending the issue of customer protestations. They are through and through dismissing the issue of customer determination. Future Strategies IGA needs to adjust neighborhood brand with rot stock cost that prompts disabling of the phenomenal position of the plot. To pick issue related to outlandish stock, IGA may attempt with suppliers and emissary association reasonably make immaculate utilization of Economic Order Quantity that is used for brain blowing material association (Serrano and Kraiselburd). This is a reasoning that is used to pick the measure of material that should be kept up, asked for and when they should be asked. The inspiration driving money related asking for the entire methodology is to minimize the asking for and stock holding expense and then ensuring beautiful stock is amped up for locale current issues. The strategy can be gone on numerically as: Imminent approach associated to customer service Retailing continues changing which make it enchanting for pioneers. The present customers seek after down quality and IGA Limited needs to give more choices at their doorstep to move web shopping than at whatever time in late memory to pull in customers. In the centrality centered period, customers are at the driving seats of affiliations. The shopping direct and tastes of the customers keep changing on the reason of operations of the affiliations. IGA should respond quickly to the changing need of the customers in the present putting aside a couple of minutes layout, as this time is flooding with challenges and opportunities. The future structure for the affiliation should be to put the customers at the heart of business (Wang). The alliance needs to listen them and proceed to the table imaginative systems for shopping. IGA should give things overhauled costs also showed prize endeavors. To maintain a strategic distance from the disagreements identified with destroyed vegetables and regular things they ought to put new verdant supports on their racks. IGA ought to give persevering transport of brand over all mediums. They may build up a framework to settle the client protestations in under twenty-four hours. Enactment Purposes of future strategies With a specific completed goal to update execution in the powerful period, the affiliation needs to concentrate on the running with degrees to upgrade execution. Their execution targets may pivot: Reducing the reliance over old frameworks and to make structures, which are independent and robotized. Provision of worth stock and associations to clients. To advancement adaptability in their operations to show changes as indicated by the propelling necessities. To enhance the rate of associations and development of things by working up a proficient and serious creation framework system. To give things at the best sticker costs, The Company made solid relations with suppliers to enhance store framework which will at last point of interest the clients by giving them less immoderate things (Prez-Llantada 221-235). Conclusion Metcash has constantly stayed as one of the best and trusted retailer in Australia. Despite competition the association has functioned well in the business area and have turned out to be industriously. On the reason of general examination by the association its clear that Metcash have established direct as well as immaculate system for customer immovability change. The association have stayed in gathering support practices as well. The basic part is that the progression of the buyers as well as the shareholders, the association has developed a easy store system which has helped the association to give the best quality things to buyers at a less costly price. This exhibit moreover structures buyer constancy. The company have continually based on improvement for acquisition of better things and organizations. The fundamental things that are negative which has been viewed instead of recklessness in the latest couple of years, the association has stayed low profile in internet organizing which has constantly been a focal point of its competitors. Due to this issue the association fail to totally guarantee its possible business part. The buyers of Metcash are individuals instead of an organization so customers have a huge amount of impact for the association. Recommendations The alliance is psyche blowing in contributing intense expenses, still the connection has to aim more on expense affiliation system. The connection has created an OK stock system arrange yet key affiliations might help the company in demonstrating at change rates and specifically in transforming into overall place all through the world. In the later years the connection focused on lowering the cost to the shortcoming of delegates, the association need to target on HR since it's the human resource department which deals with the customers. References Anderson, Dale L, Paul Franklin Shaffer, and Marvin D Volz.Improved Methods Of Displaying And Handling Produce In Retail Food Stores. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Transportation and Facilities Research Division, 1962. Print. 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"The Article Of The Future: Strategies For Genre Stability And Change".English for Specific Purposes32.4 (2013): 221-235. Web. Pinhanez, Claudio. "Services As Customer-Intensive Systems".Design Issues25.2 (2009): 3-13. Web. Schneible Jr., Richard A. "Information Transfer And Firm-Level Generic Strategy".SSRN Electronic Journaln. pag. Web. SCHULZ., T. "CONSUMPTION OF GROCERIES".Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics Statistics10.4 (2009): 105-116. Web. Serrano, Alejandro and Santiago Kraiselburd. "Economic Order Quantity And The Value Of The Firm".SSRN Electronic Journaln. pag. Web. "Special Issue Of Production And Operations Management : Retail Operations".Production and Operations Management18.1 (2009): 127-127. Web. Valiris, George and Michalis Glykas. "Business Analysis Metrics For Business Process Redesign".Business Process Mgmt Journal10.4 (2004): 445-480. Web. van Gelder, Sicco. "Global Brand Strategy".J Brand Manag12.1 (2004): 39-48. Web. Veljanovski, Cento. "Metcash, Market Power And Counterfactuals".SSRN Electronic Journaln. pag. Web. Wang, Lu-in. "When The Customer Is King: Employment Discrimination As Customer Service".SSRN Electronic Journaln. pag. Web.